Explanation of the Book of Tawhid-10
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The Shaykh : He said: It is narrated from Abu Waqid al-Laythi who said: Mishkat al-Masabih 135Isnād Hasan (Zubair `Aliza'i)
We set out with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to Hunayn. When? After the Battle of the Conquest, because when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) conquered Makkah, Thaqif and Hawazin gathered against him in a great, very large assembly. And praise be to Allah, He decreed a decisive defeat for these two tribes over all the factions of Quraysh, meaning they were the largest tribes that fought the Prophet (may Allah's prayer and peace be upon him).
The student: Quraysh
The Shaykh : Thaqif and Hunayn? No, Thaqif and Hunayn, Hawazin. I meant Hawazin and Thaqif. When he finished the conquest of Makkah and they gathered against him in this large assembly, the Prophet (may Allah's prayer and peace be upon him) targeted them. And with the Messenger (may Allah's prayer and peace be upon him) were twelve thousand; one or two thousand of them were from the people of Makkah, and ten thousand he brought from al-Madinah, and he conquered Makkah with them. When they set out with this great multitude, they said: They were pleased with their number, but Allah the Exalted made clear that victory is from Allah and not by number. So He said: [At-Tawbah 9:25] What happened was that when they said this and descended from the valley, the valley of Hunayn, they found that the polytheists had taken cover for them in the valley, and the Companions did not know about them. Do you know the ones who take cover? When these advanced, they came at them from where? From behind. And what happened happened, and the Muslims scattered from the Messenger (may Allah's prayer and peace be upon him), even though the Muslims were twelve thousand; only about a thousand remained with him out of the twelve thousand. But praise be to Allah, in the end, victory became for the Prophet (may Allah's prayer and peace be upon him). So he said: So this is a phrase like an excuse for what they asked. He said: "Ya'kifun" upon it means they reside. "Ya'kifun" upon it means they reside upon it, and i'tikaf is staying with a thing. From this is His saying, the Exalted: [Al-Baqarah 2:187] And His saying: And what does "yina'thun" mean? They tie their weapons to it, seeking blessing from it, seeking blessing from this tree. Abu Waqid (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Mishkat al-Masabih 5408 The tree is named with this name, Dhat Anwat, meaning the hanging things... And which one is not forgiven? The Shaykh al-Islam (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Indeed, shirk is not forgiven by Allah, even if it is minor, due to the generality of His saying: [An-Nisa 4:48]" Because "shirk" is interpreted with a noun, estimated as "shirk" with Him, and it is an indefinite noun in the context of negation, which implies generality. And some scholars said: "Indeed, minor shirk is under the will, and the meaning of His saying: [An-Nisa 4:48] is major shirk" which is not forgiven. As for minor shirk, it is forgiven because it does not take one out of the religion, and every sin that does not take one out of the religion is under the will. In any case, shirk is dangerous for its owner; it is dangerous, and it is greater than the major sins. Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Musannaf Abd al-Razzaq 21:121 Yes, indeed.
The reader: "The twelfth: His saying: Their saying: indicates that others do not ignore that".
The Shaykh : Yes, indeed. His saying: means that they excuse themselves where they requested that Allah make for them a Dhat Anwat. So here they excuse themselves by their ignorance, because they were recent in their time from disbelief. And based on this, we say that it is necessary for us to take from this issue that a person should offer an excuse for his saying or doing so that he does not expose himself to saying what is not in him. And the hadith of Safiyyah has passed us by, when the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) saw her off and he was in i'tikaf, so two men from the Ansar passed by, and he said: Sahih al-Bukhari 2038 Clear, clear, O Ahmad?
The student: I
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Clear.
The Shaykh : Is this clear or not? What did we say?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : No, and what did we say about this benefit? This benefit for which we argued with the hadith of Safiyyah. What did we say?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : No.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : ... Okay.
Jabir said: We went out with God’s messenger to [the funeral of] Sa'd b. Mu'adh when he died. God’s messenger prayed over him, and when he was placed in his grave and the ground was levelled over him, God’s messenger extolled God and we did so also at great length. He then said, “God is most great," and we did the same. Someone asked him why he had extolled God and then said, “God is most great," to which he replied, “This upright servant’s grave had closed in on him, but finally God removed the pressure from him." Ahmad transmitted it.
خرجنا مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى حُنين ، ونحن حدثاء عهد بكفرWe set out with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to Hunayn. When? After the Battle of the Conquest, because when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) conquered Makkah, Thaqif and Hawazin gathered against him in a great, very large assembly. And praise be to Allah, He decreed a decisive defeat for these two tribes over all the factions of Quraysh, meaning they were the largest tribes that fought the Prophet (may Allah's prayer and peace be upon him).
The student: Quraysh
The Shaykh : Thaqif and Hunayn? No, Thaqif and Hunayn, Hawazin. I meant Hawazin and Thaqif. When he finished the conquest of Makkah and they gathered against him in this large assembly, the Prophet (may Allah's prayer and peace be upon him) targeted them. And with the Messenger (may Allah's prayer and peace be upon him) were twelve thousand; one or two thousand of them were from the people of Makkah, and ten thousand he brought from al-Madinah, and he conquered Makkah with them. When they set out with this great multitude, they said:
We will not be defeated today by fewness
لن نغلب اليوم من قلةAllah has already given you victory in many regions and [even] on the day of Hunayn, when your great number pleased you, but it did not avail you at all, and the earth was confining for you with its vastness; then you turned back, fleeing.
لَقَدْ نَصَرَكُمُ اللَّهُ فِي مَوَاطِنَ كَثِيرَةٍ وَيَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ إِذْ أَعْجَبَتْكُمْ كَثْرَتُكُمْ فَلَمْ تُغْنِ عَنْكُمْ شَيْئاً وَضَاقَتْ عَلَيْكُمُ الأَرْضُ بِمَا رَحُبَتْ ثم وليتم مدبرينAnd we were recent in our time from disbelief
وكنا حدثاء عهد بكفرAnd the polytheists had a sidrah tree around which they would linger and to which they would tie their weapons
وللمشركين سدرة يعكفون عليها وينوطون بها أسلحتهمas long as you are staying for worship in the mosques
وأنتم عاكفون في المساجدand they hang their weapons on it
وينوطون بها أسلحتهمcalled Dhat Anwat
يقال لها ذات أنواطIndeed, Allah does not forgive association with Him, but He forgives what is less than that for whom He wills
إن الله لا يغفر أن يشرك به ويغفر ما دون ذلك لمن يشاءassociation with Him
أن يشرك بهI would rather swear a false oath by Allah than swear a true oath by other than Him.
لأن أحلف بالله كاذبا أحب إلي من أن أحلف بغيره صادقاThe reader: "The twelfth: His saying: Their saying:
And we are recent in our disbelief
ونحن حدثاء عهد بكفرThe Shaykh : Yes, indeed. His saying:
and we are new to disbelief
ونحن حدثاء بكفرShe is (my wife) Safiya bint Huyai
إنها صفية بنت حييThe student: I
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Clear.
The Shaykh : Is this clear or not? What did we say?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : No, and what did we say about this benefit? This benefit for which we argued with the hadith of Safiyyah. What did we say?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : No.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : ... Okay.