Who is not obligated to fast

Question: Who is not required to fast? Please inform us, may Allah reward you with good.

Answer: The insane person, the one who has lost his mind, the boy, and the girls before reaching puberty. As for the menstruating woman and the woman with post-natal bleeding, it is obligatory for them to fast, but it is not permissible for them to fast during Ramadan or otherwise while in a state of menstruation or post-natal bleeding. They must make up the days of Ramadan they missed. As for the sick person and the traveler, it is permissible for them to fast or break their fast in Ramadan, and breaking the fast is better. They must make up the days if they broke their fast in Ramadan; based on the saying of Allah, the Exalted: [al-Baqarah: 185]. However, if the sick person is not expected to recover, according to the testimony of trustworthy doctors, he is not required to fast or make up the days. He must feed one poor person for each day, which is half a sa' (a dry measure of about 3 kg) by the Prophet's sa' of the staple food of the country, and its amount is approximately one and a half kilograms. Likewise, the old man and the old woman who are unable to fast must feed one poor person for each day half a sa' of the staple food of the country, and they are not required to fast or make up the days. It is permissible to pay the expiation for the entire month of Ramadan in one lump sum at the beginning of the month, at the end, or in the middle, to one poor person or more. Likewise, the state of the pregnant woman and the nursing woman: if fasting is difficult for them, they break their fast and must make up the days, like the sick person.