Explanation of the author's statement: And from Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), he said
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The Shaykh : His statement: "And from Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), he said: حسبنا الله ونعم الوكيل ، قالها إبراهيم عليه السلام حين ألقى في النار ، وقالها محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم حين قالوا له : إن الناس قد جمعوا لكم فاخشوهم ، فزادهم إيماناً وقالوا : حسبُنا الله ونعم الوكيل " "Sufficient for us is Allah, and He is the best Disposer of affairs." Ibrahim (peace be upon him) said it when he was thrown into the fire, and Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said it when they said to him: "Indeed, the people have gathered against you, so fear them." But it increased them in faith, and they said: "Sufficient for us is Allah, and He is the best Disposer of affairs."
As for the fact that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said it, is this by the explicit text of the Qur'an or not? Allah the Exalted said:[Ali 'Imran 3:173] So who are the people who said this statement? "Indeed, the people have gathered against you." They are the caravan that Abu Sufyan instructed to convey to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) that they had gathered against them. Abu Sufyan, after they had departed from Uhud, intended to return to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to destroy them, as he claimed. He encountered a caravan and asked, "Where are you going?" They said, "We are going to Madinah." He said, "Convey to Muhammad and his companions that we are returning to them to fight them." The caravan came to Madinah and conveyed this to them. The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) and those with him said:Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2431 And they set out with about seventy riders until they reached al-Hamra al-Asad. What happened? Abu Sufyan recanted his opinion and returned to Makkah. Look at the sufficiency of Allah the Mighty and Majestic; otherwise, he could have returned, but Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, turned his heart away because the Companions relied upon their Lord, Glorified and Exalted is He. They said:[Ali 'Imran 3:173-174] So, they said to them, "The people." Who is meant by "the people" here? The caravan. Who is meant by them? Abu Sufyan and those with him. The word "people" is used by jurists as an example of a general term intended for a specific case. Is this general term "people" referring to all people or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Here[Ali 'Imran 3:173] Did all the people gather against them?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : No, it is a general term intended for a specific meaning. It has been mentioned in the principles of jurisprudence that there is a specific general term and a general term intended for a specific meaning, but this is not the place to mention the difference between them.[Ali 'Imran 3:173] Sufficient for us Yes, it is a past tense verb, and "al-Wakil" (the Disposer) is the subject, and the specified object is omitted. What is the implied meaning? It is He, meaning Allah. "He is the best Disposer." Here, "al-Wakil" is the One upon whom reliance is placed, Glorified and Exalted is He. Know that Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, is called "Wakil" (Disposer), and He is also "Mukall" (the One who delegates). So He is both a Disposer and the One who delegates. How is He a Disposer and the One who delegates? As for the Disposer, it is like this verse: And Allah the Exalted also said: And as for the One who delegates, He said: [Al-An'am 6:89] But you must know that the delegation here does not mean sending someone in place of another, or that the delegation is not sending someone in place of another in matters that require representation, or is it? Are you understanding this? It is not that Allah delegates to them because He needs them, for we know that Allah the Exalted is the Self-Sufficient, the Praiseworthy. But their delegation means that He, Glorified and Exalted is He, made them successors on earth to see how you act. He made them the ones who carry it out. "So We have delegated it to a people" means they carry it out, and that is not because of a need on His part, for the work... a person does it for himself, not for his Lord, Glorified and Exalted is He. So what is the evidence for Ibn 'Abbas that Ibrahim said it? What is the evidence? We say that Ibn 'Abbas said a statement in which there is no room for opinion. When a Companion says a statement in which there is no room for opinion, its ruling is the ruling of a report traced to the Prophet, and they call it "raised by ruling" (marfu' hukman). If someone says: "They stipulated in this that the speaker not be one who narrates from the Isra'iliyyat, and Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) is known for that. Is it not possible that he took it from the Isra'iliyyat?" We say this is possible, and it is possible that he took it from the Isra'iliyyat. But what makes it unlikely is that he would not have been so certain about it if he had taken it from the Children of Israel. His certainty about it and his linking it to what the Prophet (may the prayer and peace of Allah be upon him) and his Companions said makes it unlikely, in my view, that it was taken from the Children of Israel. Regarding the issue of Ibrahim (peace be upon him), there are two matters I would like to point out, even though they are not part of the lesson's topic.
The first matter: It is said that when Ibrahim...
As for the fact that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said it, is this by the explicit text of the Qur'an or not? Allah the Exalted said:
Those to whom hypocrites said, "Indeed, the people have gathered against you, so fear them." But it [merely] increased them in faith
الذين قال لهم الناسُ إن الناسَ قد جمعوا لكم فاخشوهم ، فزادهم إيماناًAllah is sufficent for us and what a good protector He is
حسبنا الله ونعم الوكيلSufficient for us is Allah, and [He is] the best Disposer of affairs." (174) So they returned with favor from Allah and bounty, no harm having touched them. And they pursued the pleasure of Allah
حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ * فَانْقَلَبُوا بِنِعْمَةٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَفَضْلٍ لَمْ يَمْسَسْهُمْ سُوءٌ وَاتَّبَعُوا رِضْوَانَ اللَّهِIndeed, the people
إن الناسThe student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Here
the people have gathered against you
إن الناس قد جمعوا لكمThe student: No.
The Shaykh : No, it is a general term intended for a specific meaning. It has been mentioned in the principles of jurisprudence that there is a specific general term and a general term intended for a specific meaning, but this is not the place to mention the difference between them.
so fear them." But it [merely] increased them in faith, and they said, "Sufficient for us is Allah
فَاخْشَوْهُمْ فَزَادَهُمْ إِيمَانًا وَقَالُوا حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُAnd He is the best Disposer of affairs
وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُHe is the best Disposer of affairs
نعم الوكيلAnd sufficient is Allah as a Disposer of affairs
وكفى بالله وكيلاًBut if the disbelievers deny it, then We have entrusted it to a people who are not therein disbelievers.
فَإِنْ يَكْفُرْ بِهَا هَؤُلاءِ فَقَدْ وَكَّلْنَا بِهَا قَوْماً لَيْسُوا بِهَا بِكَافِرِينَThe first matter: It is said that when Ibrahim...