Continuation of the explanation of Ibn Malik's (may Allah have mercy on him) saying: "And alif, waw, and nun are for *** what is absent, and its other like qama and i'lama."
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The Shaykh : In discussing pronouns, he said:
"And alif, waw, and nun are for *** what is absent, and its other like qama and i'lama"
By alif, he means the alif of the dual; by waw, the waw of the plural; and by nun, the nun of the women. "For what is absent" and "its other" means other than the absent, which includes the speaker and the addressee. This is not his intention; this is not what is intended by the author's words. Yes.
"Alif, waw, and nun are for *** what is absent, and its other like qama and i'lama"
An example of alif for the absent is qama, and its example for the addressee is quma.
As for waw, its example for the absent is qawu.
And its example for the addressee is qawu.
As for nun, for the absent women it is qunna.
And for the addressee, it is ijtahadna, as in "O you female students, strive."
So, "for what is absent and its other" refers to whom? The addressee. Therefore, alif is not for the speaker, waw is not for the speaker, and nun is not for the speaker; rather, they are for the absent and the addressee. The examples indicate this. He said: "like qama", and this is for the absent. "and i'lama", and this is for whom? The addressee. Good.
Do these three come for the accusative case as they do for the nominative? No, they do not come for the accusative. And do they come for the genitive case as they do for the nominative? No. So, they are among the nominative pronouns. Third question: Are they among the attached pronouns or the detached pronouns?
The student: Attached.
The Shaykh : Attached, as indicated by his saying: "And among the nominative pronouns is what is hidden", and his saying after that: "And he who has elevation and separation is I and he". So, these are attached pronouns.
Fourth question: Are they among the apparent pronouns or the hidden pronouns?
The student: Apparent.
The Shaykh : They are among the apparent pronouns. Yes. So, alif, waw, and nun—alif, waw, and nun—are attached, apparent nominative pronouns.
"And alif, waw, and nun are for *** what is absent, and its other like qama and i'lama"
By alif, he means the alif of the dual; by waw, the waw of the plural; and by nun, the nun of the women. "For what is absent" and "its other" means other than the absent, which includes the speaker and the addressee. This is not his intention; this is not what is intended by the author's words. Yes.
"Alif, waw, and nun are for *** what is absent, and its other like qama and i'lama"
An example of alif for the absent is qama, and its example for the addressee is quma.
As for waw, its example for the absent is qawu.
And its example for the addressee is qawu.
As for nun, for the absent women it is qunna.
And for the addressee, it is ijtahadna, as in "O you female students, strive."
So, "for what is absent and its other" refers to whom? The addressee. Therefore, alif is not for the speaker, waw is not for the speaker, and nun is not for the speaker; rather, they are for the absent and the addressee. The examples indicate this. He said: "like qama", and this is for the absent. "and i'lama", and this is for whom? The addressee. Good.
Do these three come for the accusative case as they do for the nominative? No, they do not come for the accusative. And do they come for the genitive case as they do for the nominative? No. So, they are among the nominative pronouns. Third question: Are they among the attached pronouns or the detached pronouns?
The student: Attached.
The Shaykh : Attached, as indicated by his saying: "And among the nominative pronouns is what is hidden", and his saying after that: "And he who has elevation and separation is I and he". So, these are attached pronouns.
Fourth question: Are they among the apparent pronouns or the hidden pronouns?
The student: Apparent.
The Shaykh : They are among the apparent pronouns. Yes. So, alif, waw, and nun—alif, waw, and nun—are attached, apparent nominative pronouns.