Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "And some of them inflected it absolutely, and in *** this, the omission of 'ayya' other than 'ayy' follows."
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The Shaykh :"And some of them inflected it absolutely": So there is disagreement in it, even regarding the state of being uninflected (mabni). If the two conditions for being uninflected are met, it is not agreed upon. That is, if it is attached to a noun (mudaf) and the beginning of its relative clause is a deleted pronoun, some of them inflected it absolutely. What does "absolutely" mean? It means: whether it is attached to a noun and the beginning of its relative clause is a deleted pronoun, or not. That is, they consider it inflected absolutely, like the interrogative and conditional ones—pay attention, my brother. But the word: "some of them", does it refer to the grammarians or to the people of language? The latter, because the people of language are the ones who speak, whereas the grammarians only direct or explain. So his saying: "And some of them": meaning some of the Arabs, "inflected it absolutely", meaning: they inflected 'ayy' absolutely, even in the case of being uninflected where the two conditions are met, they consider it inflected, they consider it inflected. Now, I think—if Allah wills—it is not prevented, it is easy. I remember we sat on this for two or three sessions. We want to understand this speech, but praise be to Allah, as long as it is easy, and by Allah, let us proceed.
"And some of them inflected it absolutely": So based on this, we now look at this opinion. I say: I passed by which of them is most eager for knowledge?
The student: It is uninflected (mabni).
The Shaykh : No, according to the second opinion, is that correct or not?
The student: Correct.
The Shaykh : And according to the opinion of the majority?
The student: Incorrect.
The Shaykh : Wrong, and the correct answer is: "bi-ayyum" (by which of them), I passed by which of them. And based on this, you can infer the rest. Then he said: "And in *** this, the omission of 'ayya' other than 'ayy' follows"
"If the relative clause is lengthened, and if it is not lengthened *** then the omission is rare":
First: The author (may Allah have mercy on him) informed us that the nominative resumptive pronoun (al-'awd al-marfū') is not deleted. The nominative resumptive pronoun is not deleted unless it is the beginning of the relative clause. The nominative resumptive pronoun is not deleted unless it is the beginning of the relative clause, due to his saying: "and the beginning", what? "of its relative clause". But if it is the subject (fa'il), it cannot be deleted; the passive subject (na'ib al-fa'il) cannot be deleted; the subject of "kana" cannot be deleted. It is not deleted unless it is the beginning of the relative clause, and it cannot be the beginning of the relative clause unless it is a pronoun. Is the beginning of the relative clause deleted in anything other than 'ayy? Is the nominative beginning of the relative clause deleted in anything other than 'ayy? He says: It is deleted, but with a condition: "If the relative clause is lengthened":
Meaning, if the relative clause is long. But if it is not long, then it is not deleted. This is known speech. Now, let us take a question. We now know that the beginning of the relative clause of 'ayy is deleted in all cases, whether the relative clause is long or not. Is the beginning of the relative clause deleted in anything other than 'ayy? We say: Yes, on the condition that the relative clause is long. If it is not long, then: "then the omission is rare", little. We will give an example: "Jaa alladhi qaim" (He came the one who is standing), "Jaa alladhi qaimu" (He came the one who is standing). "Alladhi" (the one who) is a relative pronoun; "qaim" (standing) is the predicate of a deleted subject, and the implied meaning is: "he is standing." Is the relative clause long or just one word?
The student: One word.
The Shaykh : One word, so it is not deleted. "Huwa" (he) is not deleted because the relative clause is not long, and Ibn Malik says:
"And in *** this, the omission of 'ayya' other than 'ayy' follows".
"And some of them inflected it absolutely": So based on this, we now look at this opinion. I say: I passed by which of them is most eager for knowledge?
The student: It is uninflected (mabni).
The Shaykh : No, according to the second opinion, is that correct or not?
The student: Correct.
The Shaykh : And according to the opinion of the majority?
The student: Incorrect.
The Shaykh : Wrong, and the correct answer is: "bi-ayyum" (by which of them), I passed by which of them. And based on this, you can infer the rest. Then he said: "And in *** this, the omission of 'ayya' other than 'ayy' follows"
"If the relative clause is lengthened, and if it is not lengthened *** then the omission is rare":
First: The author (may Allah have mercy on him) informed us that the nominative resumptive pronoun (al-'awd al-marfū') is not deleted. The nominative resumptive pronoun is not deleted unless it is the beginning of the relative clause. The nominative resumptive pronoun is not deleted unless it is the beginning of the relative clause, due to his saying: "and the beginning", what? "of its relative clause". But if it is the subject (fa'il), it cannot be deleted; the passive subject (na'ib al-fa'il) cannot be deleted; the subject of "kana" cannot be deleted. It is not deleted unless it is the beginning of the relative clause, and it cannot be the beginning of the relative clause unless it is a pronoun. Is the beginning of the relative clause deleted in anything other than 'ayy? Is the nominative beginning of the relative clause deleted in anything other than 'ayy? He says: It is deleted, but with a condition: "If the relative clause is lengthened":
Meaning, if the relative clause is long. But if it is not long, then it is not deleted. This is known speech. Now, let us take a question. We now know that the beginning of the relative clause of 'ayy is deleted in all cases, whether the relative clause is long or not. Is the beginning of the relative clause deleted in anything other than 'ayy? We say: Yes, on the condition that the relative clause is long. If it is not long, then: "then the omission is rare", little. We will give an example: "Jaa alladhi qaim" (He came the one who is standing), "Jaa alladhi qaimu" (He came the one who is standing). "Alladhi" (the one who) is a relative pronoun; "qaim" (standing) is the predicate of a deleted subject, and the implied meaning is: "he is standing." Is the relative clause long or just one word?
The student: One word.
The Shaykh : One word, so it is not deleted. "Huwa" (he) is not deleted because the relative clause is not long, and Ibn Malik says:
"And in *** this, the omission of 'ayya' other than 'ayy' follows".