Explanation of the saying of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "For knowledge of recognition and suspicion of accusation *** transitive for one whom he commits to."
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The Shaykh :"For knowledge of recognition and suspicion of accusation *** transitive for one whom he commits to"
The Shaykh : First, the grammatical analysis:
"Transitive" is the subject, and it is an indefinite noun; the reason it is permissible to begin with it, despite being indefinite, is its postponement.
And his saying: "for knowledge of recognition" is the predicate, placed before the subject.
And his saying: "for one whom he commits to" means that he commits to making it transitive to one object, not to two, unlike knowledge in the sense of suspicion, as mentioned previously.
He said (may Allah have mercy on him): "For knowledge of recognition," meaning knowledge in the sense of knowing, which takes one object. An example of this is saying: "I knew Zayd," meaning "I recognized him." From this is the saying of Allah the Exalted:[An-Nahl 16:78] meaning "you do not know," and for this reason it does not take more than one object.
And through the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him), we know that knowledge comes in the sense of knowing, and it is so. However, knowing is specific to tangible things and occurs after confusion, and it is suitable for both suspicion and certainty. For this reason, the scholars said in the principles of creed: "It is not permissible to describe Allah as 'one who knows' (‘arif), but it is permissible to describe Him as 'one who is aware' (‘alim)." This is due to the three differences we mentioned.
If someone asks: How do you say it is not permissible to describe Allah as "one who knows" when it is said in the authentic hadith:? The answer is that "knowing" here means "caring for," meaning He cares for you. This is because if "knowing" meant "knowledge," Allah would know him whether he recognizes him or not.
He said: "And likewise suspicion of accusation." Suspicion of accusation means suspicion in the sense of accusing. You say: "I suspected Zayd," meaning "I accused him." From this is the saying of Allah the Exalted:[At-Takwir 81:24] meaning "with one who is accused." And by this, we now know that "knowledge" comes in the sense of "knowing," so it does not take more than one object, and that "suspicion" comes in the sense of "accusing," so it does not take more than one object.
The Shaykh : First, the grammatical analysis:
"Transitive" is the subject, and it is an indefinite noun; the reason it is permissible to begin with it, despite being indefinite, is its postponement.
And his saying: "for knowledge of recognition" is the predicate, placed before the subject.
And his saying: "for one whom he commits to" means that he commits to making it transitive to one object, not to two, unlike knowledge in the sense of suspicion, as mentioned previously.
He said (may Allah have mercy on him): "For knowledge of recognition," meaning knowledge in the sense of knowing, which takes one object. An example of this is saying: "I knew Zayd," meaning "I recognized him." From this is the saying of Allah the Exalted:
And Allah has extracted you from the wombs of your mothers not knowing a thing
والله أخرجكم من بطون أمهاتكم لا تعلمون شيئاًAnd through the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him), we know that knowledge comes in the sense of knowing, and it is so. However, knowing is specific to tangible things and occurs after confusion, and it is suitable for both suspicion and certainty. For this reason, the scholars said in the principles of creed: "It is not permissible to describe Allah as 'one who knows' (‘arif), but it is permissible to describe Him as 'one who is aware' (‘alim)." This is due to the three differences we mentioned.
If someone asks: How do you say it is not permissible to describe Allah as "one who knows" when it is said in the authentic hadith:
Know Allah in times of ease, He will know you in times of hardship.
تعرف إلى الله في الرخاء يعرفك في الشدةHe said: "And likewise suspicion of accusation." Suspicion of accusation means suspicion in the sense of accusing. You say: "I suspected Zayd," meaning "I accused him." From this is the saying of Allah the Exalted: