Reading the commentary of Ibn Aqil with the Shaykh’s annotations on it.
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: The commentator.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: The commentator says: "If the action is performed on a stranger, and it is followed by something containing a pronoun referring to the previous name, such as a description like 'I struck Zayd, a man who loves him'"
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "Or an explanatory apposition like 'I struck Zayd, 'Umar, his father,' or a conjunction with the letter waw specifically, like 'I struck Zayd, 'Umar, and his brother.' The connection is thereby established, just as it is established by the cause itself"
The Shaykh : ...
The student: "It is treated as: 'I struck Zayd, a man who loves him,' is treated as: 'I struck Zayd, his slave.' And so it is with the rest. The essence is that if a stranger is followed by something containing a pronoun referring to the previous name, it follows the course of the cause".
The Shaykh : ...
The student: What is the cause (sababi)?
The Shaykh : The cause is that which is connected by a preposition or by a genitive construction to the preceding word.
The student: The clause "who loves him"?
The Shaykh : No, no. The cause he referred to is his saying:
"And a part occupied by a preposition *** Or by a genitive construction"
Now, if I say: "Zayd, I honored his slave," did you honor Zayd?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : I only honored the slave, but the connection of the slave to Zayd became a cause, like "Zayd, his father is standing." Who is standing?
The student: The father.
The Shaykh : The father, even though it is a description of Zayd. So the cause is that which has a connection to what is being spoken about, whether it is occupied or a subject.
The student: The commentator.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: The commentator says: "If the action is performed on a stranger, and it is followed by something containing a pronoun referring to the previous name, such as a description like 'I struck Zayd, a man who loves him'"
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "Or an explanatory apposition like 'I struck Zayd, 'Umar, his father,' or a conjunction with the letter waw specifically, like 'I struck Zayd, 'Umar, and his brother.' The connection is thereby established, just as it is established by the cause itself"
The Shaykh : ...
The student: "It is treated as: 'I struck Zayd, a man who loves him,' is treated as: 'I struck Zayd, his slave.' And so it is with the rest. The essence is that if a stranger is followed by something containing a pronoun referring to the previous name, it follows the course of the cause".
The Shaykh : ...
The student: What is the cause (sababi)?
The Shaykh : The cause is that which is connected by a preposition or by a genitive construction to the preceding word.
The student: The clause "who loves him"?
The Shaykh : No, no. The cause he referred to is his saying:
"And a part occupied by a preposition *** Or by a genitive construction"
Now, if I say: "Zayd, I honored his slave," did you honor Zayd?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : I only honored the slave, but the connection of the slave to Zayd became a cause, like "Zayd, his father is standing." Who is standing?
The student: The father.
The Shaykh : The father, even though it is a description of Zayd. So the cause is that which has a connection to what is being spoken about, whether it is occupied or a subject.