Continuation of the explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "So make its object accusative if it does not *** stand in for the subject, like 'I reflected upon the books.'"
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The Shaykh : Then the author (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "So make its object accusative"
The student: No, we have taken it.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: We took it.
The Shaykh : No, we have not taken it.
The student: We took it.
Another student: No, we have not taken it.
The Shaykh :"So make its object accusative" "Make accusative" is a verb of command, and "by it" means: by the transitive verb, it is connected to "make accusative." "Object" is the object of "make accusative," and it is attached to the pronoun. "If it does not stand in for the subject" means: if the object does not stand in for the subject. This is a conditional sentence, and the answer to the condition in it is omitted, indicated by what came before, according to the well-known view among grammarians. It was said: the condition in such a construction does not need an answer because it is known, like a reported speech with an omitted subject, the estimation being: that is like. "I reflected" is a verb and a subject, and "the books" is an object with it, made accusative with a hidden fathah at its end, prevented from appearing by the occupation of the place with what suits the rhyme. Is that correct?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Good, he (may Allah have mercy on him) says: It is obligatory to make the object accusative if it is transitive, unless the object stands in for the subject, in which case it is sufficient, like:[An-Nisa 4:28] The human being here: stands in for the subject, and the verb "created" is transitive, so where is the object? We say it stood in for it.
The student: It stood in for the subject.
The Shaykh : It stood in for the subject, it stood in for the subject, so it was established in its place.
The student: No, we have taken it.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: We took it.
The Shaykh : No, we have not taken it.
The student: We took it.
Another student: No, we have not taken it.
The Shaykh :"So make its object accusative" "Make accusative" is a verb of command, and "by it" means: by the transitive verb, it is connected to "make accusative." "Object" is the object of "make accusative," and it is attached to the pronoun. "If it does not stand in for the subject" means: if the object does not stand in for the subject. This is a conditional sentence, and the answer to the condition in it is omitted, indicated by what came before, according to the well-known view among grammarians. It was said: the condition in such a construction does not need an answer because it is known, like a reported speech with an omitted subject, the estimation being: that is like. "I reflected" is a verb and a subject, and "the books" is an object with it, made accusative with a hidden fathah at its end, prevented from appearing by the occupation of the place with what suits the rhyme. Is that correct?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Good, he (may Allah have mercy on him) says: It is obligatory to make the object accusative if it is transitive, unless the object stands in for the subject, in which case it is sufficient, like:
mankind was created weak.
خُلق الإنسان ضعيفًاThe student: It stood in for the subject.
The Shaykh : It stood in for the subject, it stood in for the subject, so it was established in its place.