The Book of Jihad, Military Expeditions, and Authority-05a
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The reciter: Yahya ibn Yahya narrated to us, Abu Khaythamah informed us from Abu Ishaq, who said: Sahih Muslim 1776a.
The Shaykh : This hadith, first, contains:
the permissibility of swearing an oath without being asked to do so when necessity calls for it, because when he was asked: Did you flee? He said: No, by Allah.
Second, it also contains the denial of fleeing, and the intended meaning is the fleeing of the entire group, not that some of them fled, because most of them did flee, and not more than about a hundred men remained with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) out of the twelve thousand, but complete fleeing did not occur, praise be to Allah.
It also contains evidence that a person should not enter into battle unless he is armed, and for this reason, in explaining the cause, it is stated that these young men were bareheaded, with no weapons or with very few weapons. So a person should not fight unless he is fully prepared; this is one point.
The second point is that he should have weapons that match the weapons of his enemy. So, if we suppose that a group is going to fight with swords, axes, and weak light rifles, while their opponents have tanks, missiles, and the like, we would say that these are ignorant adventurers, because it is known that their enemy will mow them down. So is a person encouraged or ordered to go to his enemy to eliminate him?
No, that is not the case. For this reason, when the Muslims were weak, they were not ordered to fight at all, even though they were being harmed in Makkah with the greatest harm, and yet they were not ordered to engage in jihad until a person had weapons that could match his enemy.
And in this, in his saying:Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1688Sahih (Darussalam) (peace and blessings be upon him), it is indicated that one who recites what happens to be poetry is not considered a poet. Allah the Exalted said: [Ya-Sin 36:69] meaning the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) [Ash-Shu'ara 26:211] meaning it is not possible for him to be a poet, but if one or two verses come about without the intention of poetry, that does not elevate the speaker to the status of being among the poets.
It also contains the bravery of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), where he would urge his mule toward the enemy and declare, saying:Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1688Sahih (Darussalam) (peace and blessings be upon him).
It also contains the permissibility of tracing one's lineage to a grandfather rather than a father if the grandfather is known for his leadership and honor among his people, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) traced his lineage in this instance to his grandfather 'Abd al-Muttalib, because he was known for his leadership and honor among his people. So if the occasion calls for it, there is no harm, and this is not considered tracing one's lineage to someone other than one's father, because the grandfather is a father, as Allah the Exalted said:[Al-Hajj 22:78].
Then, this is an occasional tracing of lineage, not a continuous one, and it is also a tracing of lineage that was called for by necessity.
A man asked Bara' (b. 'Azib): Did you run away on the Day of Hunain. O, Abu Umira? He said: No, by Allah, The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) did not turn his back; (what actually happened was that) some young men from among his companions, who were hasty and who were either without any arms or did not have abundant arms, advanced and met a party of archers (who were so good shots) that their arrows never missed the mark. This party (of archers) belonged to Banu Hawazin and Banu Nadir. They shot at the advancing young men and their arrows were not likely to miss their targets. So these young men turned to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) while he was riding on his white mule and Abu Sufyan b. al-Harith b. 'Abd al-Muttalib was leading him. (At this) he got down from his mule, invoked God's help, and called out: I am the Prophet. This is no untruth. I am the son of 'Abd al-Muttalib. Then he deployed his men into battle array.
قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِلْبَرَاءِ : يَا أَبَا عُمَارَةَ، أَفَرَرْتُمْ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ ؟ قَال : لَا وَاللهِ، مَا وَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَلَكِنَّهُ خَرَجَ شُبَّانُ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَأَخِفَّاؤُهُمْ حُسَّرًا، لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ سِلَاحٌ - أَوْ كَثِيرُ سِلَاحٍ -، فَلَقُوا قَوْمًا رُمَاةً لَا يَكَادُ يَسْقُطُ لَهُمْ سَهْمٌ، جَمْعَ هَوَازِنَ وَبَنِي نَصْرٍ، فَرَشَقُوهُمْ رَشْقًا مَا يَكَادُونَ يُخْطِئُونَ، فَأَقْبَلُوا هُنَاكَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَرَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى بَغْلَتِهِ الْبَيْضَاءِ، وَأَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ يَقُودُ بِهِ، فَنَزَلَ فَاسْتَنْصَرَ، وَقَالَ : أَنَا النَّبِيُّ لَا كَذِبْ، أَنَا ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبْ ، ثُمَّ صَفَّهُمْThe Shaykh : This hadith, first, contains:
the permissibility of swearing an oath without being asked to do so when necessity calls for it, because when he was asked: Did you flee? He said: No, by Allah.
Second, it also contains the denial of fleeing, and the intended meaning is the fleeing of the entire group, not that some of them fled, because most of them did flee, and not more than about a hundred men remained with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) out of the twelve thousand, but complete fleeing did not occur, praise be to Allah.
It also contains evidence that a person should not enter into battle unless he is armed, and for this reason, in explaining the cause, it is stated that these young men were bareheaded, with no weapons or with very few weapons. So a person should not fight unless he is fully prepared; this is one point.
The second point is that he should have weapons that match the weapons of his enemy. So, if we suppose that a group is going to fight with swords, axes, and weak light rifles, while their opponents have tanks, missiles, and the like, we would say that these are ignorant adventurers, because it is known that their enemy will mow them down. So is a person encouraged or ordered to go to his enemy to eliminate him?
No, that is not the case. For this reason, when the Muslims were weak, they were not ordered to fight at all, even though they were being harmed in Makkah with the greatest harm, and yet they were not ordered to engage in jihad until a person had weapons that could match his enemy.
And in this, in his saying:
Narrated Abu Ishaq: From Al-Bara' bin 'Azib who said: "A man said to us: 'Did you flee from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) O Abu 'Umarah ?'" He said: "No, By Allah! I did not flee from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), but som hasty people fled and (the tribe of) Hawazin assaulted them with arrows. The Messenger of Allah (Saws) was on his white muls, and Abu Sufyan bin Al-Harith bin 'Abdul Muttalib was holding its reigns. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was saying: 'I am the Prophet without lie, I am the son of 'Abdul-Muttalib.'" [Abu 'Eisa said:] There are narrations on this topic from 'Ali, and Ibn 'Umar.
أنا النبي لا كذبAnd We did not give Prophet Muhammad, knowledge of poetry
وما علمناه الشعرIt is not allowable for
وما ينبغي لهIt also contains the bravery of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), where he would urge his mule toward the enemy and declare, saying:
I am the Prophet without lie, I am the son of 'Abdul-Muttalib.
أنا النبي لا كذب أنا ابن عبد المطلبIt also contains the permissibility of tracing one's lineage to a grandfather rather than a father if the grandfather is known for his leadership and honor among his people, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) traced his lineage in this instance to his grandfather 'Abd al-Muttalib, because he was known for his leadership and honor among his people. So if the occasion calls for it, there is no harm, and this is not considered tracing one's lineage to someone other than one's father, because the grandfather is a father, as Allah the Exalted said:
the religion of your father, Abraham. Allah named you "Muslims" before
ملة أبيكم إبراهيم هو سماكم المسلمين من قبلThen, this is an occasional tracing of lineage, not a continuous one, and it is also a tracing of lineage that was called for by necessity.