As for the second hadith: the hadith of al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), it is in the story of Hunayn: and Hunayn is
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The Shaykh : As for the second hadith: the hadith of al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), it is in the story of Hunayn:
And Hunayn is: the name of a place where the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) campaigned against Thaqif. The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) had conquered Makkah in Ramadan in the eighth year of the Hijrah, with ten thousand men from outside Makkah and two thousand from the people of Makkah, making a total of twelve thousand.
So some of them would say to others:: and they were amazed by their number, twelve thousand fighters, who could stand against them? But Allah the Exalted showed them that victory is from Allah, and that numbers and strength do not prevent the decree and destiny of Allah.
They faced Thaqif, and Thaqif numbered three thousand and five hundred men, while these were twelve thousand with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). So Thaqif lay in ambush for them in the valley, the valley of Hunayn. It is known that if they lay in ambush for them, and some advanced while others lagged behind, it would result in defeat.
The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) fled and turned their backs. Of the twelve thousand, only about one hundred men remained with the Messenger, and they all went as Allah the Exalted said:[At-Tawbah 9:25], but Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), to whom Allah the Exalted granted great courage and boldness in the place of boldness: : meaning he spurred it with his foot, wanting it to walk faster, and he was saying (peace and blessings be upon him): Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1688Sahih (Darussalam): he declared it (peace and blessings be upon him).
And he ordered al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), who was a man with a loud voice: he ordered him to call the Companions to return,: and the Samurah is the tree under which the Companions pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) at al-Hudaybiyyah not to flee, and now they were fleeing. So he said: "O companions of the Samurah," reminding them of this pledge. And this Samurah is a tree under which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took the pledge of the Companions not to flee ever. And in this, Allah the Exalted says: [Al-Fath 48:18]: So Allah the Exalted informed that He was pleased with them, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) informed: As-Sunan al-Kubra lil-Nasa'i 65:525: a great glad tidings that they will not enter the Fire, not for a little or a lot.
The important thing is that al-Abbas called them with this:: meaning very quickly, so they fought the enemy , and the matter became so. Thaqif was defeated, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took a great deal of spoils from them, a very great deal, including camels, sheep, and wealth.
So the result is: that this hadith is among the signs of Allah Mighty and Majestic, where Allah granted victory to the believers after He showed them His power, and that the matter is His, Glorified and Exalted is He, not by numbers or strength or determination, but victory is from Allah Mighty and Majestic. Allah the Exalted said:[At-Tawbah 9:25-27].
And in this hadith, among the benefits:
The strength and courage of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), where he advanced toward the enemy with his word and his deed: as for his deed, he kept spurring the mule he was riding toward the enemy, and as for his word, he declared with his high voice:Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1688Sahih (Darussalam).
And among its lessons is that it is obligatory for a person not to be proud of his strength, or his numbers, or his knowledge, or his wealth, or his intelligence, or his mind. Generally, when a person becomes proud, he is defeated by the permission of Allah. If he is proud of his numbers, he is defeated; if he is proud of his knowledge, he goes astray; if he is proud of his mind, he is lost. Do not be proud of yourself or any of your strengths, but seek help from Allah Mighty and Majestic and entrust the matter to Him until what you want is accomplished for you.
And among its lessons is the permissibility of riding a mule. The mule is a hybrid between a donkey and a horse; the donkey mounts the female horse, and she gives birth to a mule. It is ritually impure and forbidden [to eat], but it is pure on its surface, meaning like a cat, which is pure, but its urine and excrement are impure, and so is the mule. Its sweat is pure, and touching it while wet is pure and has no effect; touching it while wet has no effect at all, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) rode it while it was sweating, and it may have been raining, and it is not reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was cautious about it. This indicates that it is pure, and this is the stronger position.
And in it, also, among the benefits of the hadith: that a person should call people with what encourages them, because al-Abbas did not say: "O you who believe," "O you Companions," "O companions of the Samurah," because this encourages them and reminds them of the pledge they made to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family).
And among its lessons is that Allah the Exalted may grant victory to a small group, even if they are in the wrong, over a large group, even if they are in the right. Who is the small group here? The polytheists, Thaqif, three thousand and five hundred. And the large group?
The student: The Companions.
The Shaykh : The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). But a benefit is also derived from this: that the final outcome is for the righteous. Even if the Muslims are defeated in their numbers, the final outcome is for them, because Allah the Exalted says:[Hud 11:49], and success is from Allah.
And Hunayn is: the name of a place where the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) campaigned against Thaqif. The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) had conquered Makkah in Ramadan in the eighth year of the Hijrah, with ten thousand men from outside Makkah and two thousand from the people of Makkah, making a total of twelve thousand.
So some of them would say to others:
We will not be defeated today by fewness
لن نغلب اليوم من قلةThey faced Thaqif, and Thaqif numbered three thousand and five hundred men, while these were twelve thousand with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). So Thaqif lay in ambush for them in the valley, the valley of Hunayn. It is known that if they lay in ambush for them, and some advanced while others lagged behind, it would result in defeat.
The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) fled and turned their backs. Of the twelve thousand, only about one hundred men remained with the Messenger, and they all went as Allah the Exalted said:
then you turned back, fleeing.
ثم وليتم مدبرينHe kept spurring his mule toward the enemy
جعل يركض بغلته نحو العدوI am the Prophet without lie, I am the son of 'Abdul-Muttalib.
أنا النبي لا كذب أنا ابن عبد المطلبAnd he ordered al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), who was a man with a loud voice: he ordered him to call the Companions to return,
So he kept calling out: O companions of the Samurah, O companions of the Samurah, O companions of the Samurah, come forward, come on
فجعل ينادي يا أصحاب السمرة ، يا أصحاب السمرة ، يا أصحاب السمرة أقبلوا هلمواCertainly was Allah pleased with the believers when they pledged allegiance to you, [O Muhammad], under the tree
لقد رضي الله عن المؤمنين إذ يبايعونك تحت الشجرةthat no one who pledged allegiance under the tree will enter the Fire
أنه لا يدخل النار أحد بايع تحت الشجرةThe important thing is that al-Abbas called them with this:
O companions of the Samurah tree! They said: At your service, at your service! And they came rushing forward, coming forward, as if they were cows rushing toward their young calves.
يا أصحاب السمرة قالوا : لبيك لبيك وأقبلوا أقبلوا كأنهم البقر على أولادها الصغارAnd the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took pebbles and threw them at the faces of the people, and he said: Flee, by the Lord of Muhammad!
وأخذ النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم حصيات رمى بها وجوه القوم ، وقال : انهزموا ورب محمدSo the result is: that this hadith is among the signs of Allah Mighty and Majestic, where Allah granted victory to the believers after He showed them His power, and that the matter is His, Glorified and Exalted is He, not by numbers or strength or determination, but victory is from Allah Mighty and Majestic. Allah the Exalted said:
(25) Allah has already given you victory in many regions and [even] on the day of Hunayn, when your great number pleased you, but it did not avail you at all, and the earth was confining for you with its vastness; then you turned back, fleeing. (26) Then Allah sent down His tranquillity upon His Messenger and upon the believers and sent down soldiers angels whom you did not see and punished those who disbelieved. And that is the recompense of the disbelievers. (27) Then Allah will accept repentance after that for whom He wills; and Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.
لقد نصركم الله في مواطن كثيرة ويوم حنين إذ أعجبتكم كثرتكم فلم تغن عنكم شيئا وضاقت عليكم الأرض بما رحبت ثم وليتم مدبرين * ثم أنزل الله سكينته على رسوله وعلى المؤمنين وأنزل جنوداً لم تروها وعذب الذين كفروا وذلك جزاء الكافرين * ثم يتوب الله من بعد ذلك على من يشاءAnd in this hadith, among the benefits:
The strength and courage of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), where he advanced toward the enemy with his word and his deed: as for his deed, he kept spurring the mule he was riding toward the enemy, and as for his word, he declared with his high voice:
I am the Prophet without lie, I am the son of 'Abdul-Muttalib.
أنا النبي لا كذب أنا ابن عبد المطلبAnd among its lessons is that it is obligatory for a person not to be proud of his strength, or his numbers, or his knowledge, or his wealth, or his intelligence, or his mind. Generally, when a person becomes proud, he is defeated by the permission of Allah. If he is proud of his numbers, he is defeated; if he is proud of his knowledge, he goes astray; if he is proud of his mind, he is lost. Do not be proud of yourself or any of your strengths, but seek help from Allah Mighty and Majestic and entrust the matter to Him until what you want is accomplished for you.
And among its lessons is the permissibility of riding a mule. The mule is a hybrid between a donkey and a horse; the donkey mounts the female horse, and she gives birth to a mule. It is ritually impure and forbidden [to eat], but it is pure on its surface, meaning like a cat, which is pure, but its urine and excrement are impure, and so is the mule. Its sweat is pure, and touching it while wet is pure and has no effect; touching it while wet has no effect at all, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) rode it while it was sweating, and it may have been raining, and it is not reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was cautious about it. This indicates that it is pure, and this is the stronger position.
And in it, also, among the benefits of the hadith: that a person should call people with what encourages them, because al-Abbas did not say: "O you who believe," "O you Companions," "O companions of the Samurah," because this encourages them and reminds them of the pledge they made to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family).
And among its lessons is that Allah the Exalted may grant victory to a small group, even if they are in the wrong, over a large group, even if they are in the right. Who is the small group here? The polytheists, Thaqif, three thousand and five hundred. And the large group?
The student: The Companions.
The Shaykh : The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). But a benefit is also derived from this: that the final outcome is for the righteous. Even if the Muslims are defeated in their numbers, the final outcome is for them, because Allah the Exalted says: