The ruling on one who neglects the order of prayers out of fear of missing the congregation.
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The Shaykh : Now, is one excused for leaving the congregation, or out of fear of missing the congregation? In other words, is the order of prayers dropped out of fear of missing the congregation? The school of thought (madhhab) states that it is not dropped. So we say: start with the missed prayer, then pray the current prayer with the congregation if you catch it; otherwise, you owe nothing. Some scholars held that the order is dropped out of fear of missing the congregation, especially according to the view that the congregation is a condition for the validity of the prayer. In that case, it is obligatory to prioritize the current prayer with the congregation, then pray the missed one. This view, which I mean—that the order is dropped out of fear of missing the congregation—is based on the view that it is not valid to pray behind someone who is praying a different prayer. However, according to the view that it is permissible, we say: join them in the congregation and intend the prayer that is due on you, the missed one. For example, if you have the midday prayer (Zuhr) due and you arrive while they are praying the afternoon prayer ('Asr), we say that according to the stronger view, join them with the intention of Zuhr. A difference in intention does not harm. But according to the view that a difference in intention does harm, it is said that the order is not dropped out of fear of missing the congregation, as is the position of the school of thought.
So we have five things: forgetfulness, fear of the end of the preferred or non-preferred time, fear of missing the Friday prayer, fear of missing the congregation, and ignorance.
The school of thought excuses the first three: forgetfulness, fear of missing the time, and fear of missing the Friday prayer. As for the fourth and fifth, it does not excuse them. However, the correct view is that one is excused in these cases, so the order is dropped by five things: forgetfulness, ignorance, fear of missing the congregation, fear of missing the time, and forgetfulness.
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : We did not mention this; you misled us, O ... .
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : We repeat what is incorrect from the beginning: forgetfulness, ignorance, fear of missing the Friday prayer, fear of missing the congregation, and fear of the end of the prayer time. Five. Good.
So we have five things: forgetfulness, fear of the end of the preferred or non-preferred time, fear of missing the Friday prayer, fear of missing the congregation, and ignorance.
The school of thought excuses the first three: forgetfulness, fear of missing the time, and fear of missing the Friday prayer. As for the fourth and fifth, it does not excuse them. However, the correct view is that one is excused in these cases, so the order is dropped by five things: forgetfulness, ignorance, fear of missing the congregation, fear of missing the time, and forgetfulness.
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : We did not mention this; you misled us, O ... .
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : We repeat what is incorrect from the beginning: forgetfulness, ignorance, fear of missing the Friday prayer, fear of missing the congregation, and fear of the end of the prayer time. Five. Good.