Does the full ritual bath suffice in place of the ablution?
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Q: A question from: F. A. She says: What is the legal ruling if a person becomes in a state of ritual impurity and then takes a bath? Does taking a bath suffice in place of the ablution? May Allah reward you with good.
A: The Sunnah for one in a state of major ritual impurity is to perform the ablution and then take the full ritual bath, following the example of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). If he takes the full ritual bath for major ritual impurity with the intention of purifying himself from both the minor and the major states of impurity, that suffices for him, but it is contrary to what is best. However, if the bath is a recommended practice, such as the bath for Friday, or for cooling off, it does not suffice for him in place of the ablution; rather, he must perform the ablution before or after it. This is based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):Sunan Abi Dawud 60Sahih (Al-Albani) It is agreed upon that it is authentic.
And his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1Sahih (Darussalam) It was narrated by Muslim in his Sahih.
The recommended or permissible bath is not considered a purification from the minor state of ritual impurity unless he performs it as Allah prescribed in His saying, the Exalted:[Al-Ma'idah 5:6] The verse [al-Ma'idah: 6].
However, if the bath is for major ritual impurity, menstruation, or post-natal bleeding, and the one taking the bath intends both purifications, the minor purification is included in the major one; based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):Sahih al-Bukhari 1 It is agreed upon that it is authentic.
And success is from Allah.
A: The Sunnah for one in a state of major ritual impurity is to perform the ablution and then take the full ritual bath, following the example of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). If he takes the full ritual bath for major ritual impurity with the intention of purifying himself from both the minor and the major states of impurity, that suffices for him, but it is contrary to what is best. However, if the bath is a recommended practice, such as the bath for Friday, or for cooling off, it does not suffice for him in place of the ablution; rather, he must perform the ablution before or after it. This is based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):
Allaah, the Exalted, does not accept the prayer of any of you when you are defiled until you performed ablution.
لا يقبل الله صلاة أحدكم إذا أحدث حتى يتوضأAnd his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):
Salat will not be accepted without purification, nor Charity from Ghulul.
لا تقبل صلاة بغير طهور ولا صدقة من غلولThe recommended or permissible bath is not considered a purification from the minor state of ritual impurity unless he performs it as Allah prescribed in His saying, the Exalted:
O you who have believed, when you rise to [perform] prayer, wash your faces and your forearms to the elbows and wipe over your heads and wash your feet to the ankles
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا قُمْتُمْ إِلَى الصَّلاةِ فَاغْسِلُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ إِلَى الْمَرَافِقِ وَامْسَحُوا بِرُءُوسِكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُمْ إِلَى الْكَعْبَيْنِHowever, if the bath is for major ritual impurity, menstruation, or post-natal bleeding, and the one taking the bath intends both purifications, the minor purification is included in the major one; based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):
The reward of deeds depends upon the intentions and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended.
إنما الأعمال بالنيات، وإنما لكل امرئ ما نوىAnd success is from Allah.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.