Is it obligatory to make up missed prayers?
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Q: What is the ruling on the prayers I have missed? Do I have to make them up? Or what should I do? Because I heard a hadith from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) in which he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Is this correct? Please inform us, may Allah reward you.
A: This hadith is not authentic, and it has no basis. However, you must make up the prayers. If a person misses prayers due to forgetfulness, or because of sleep or illness, he must make them up. But if he left them off intentionally without any doubt, he does not make them up; because leaving them off intentionally is major shirk (associating partners with Allah), even if he does not deny their obligation, according to the most correct of the scholars' opinions.
As for one who leaves off prayer intentionally while denying its obligation, he becomes a disbeliever according to all scholars. But if he acknowledges its obligation and knows that it is fard (obligatory) upon him, yet he leaves it off out of negligence and laziness, there is a disagreement among the scholars regarding his ruling.
The correct and stronger position in this issue is that he commits major shirk (associating partners with Allah), and he does not make up the prayers. He must repent for what has passed and be steadfast in performing them in the future.
As for one who left them off due to illness, or forgot them, or slept through them, he must make them up. This is based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):, and Allah the Exalted said: [Al-Anfal: 38], and based on his (peace and blessings be upon him) saying: Sahih Muslim 121. It is also authentic from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: Sunan Ibn Majah 1079Sahih (Darussalam), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2616Hasan (Darussalam), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) also said: Sahih Muslim 82b, narrated by Muslim in his Sahih, may Allah have mercy on him.
These texts, and what comes in their meaning, all indicate that one who leaves off prayer intentionally out of negligence and laziness, not due to an excuse such as sleep or illness that permits delay, or due to forgetfulness, is a disbeliever. The one who forgets, the one who sleeps, and the sick person for whom delay is permitted must make up the prayers. As for the one who does it intentionally and is lax, he does not make them up, and he must repent to Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He), as mentioned earlier.
If a person misses a prayer and does not know how many he missed, he may stand on the last Friday of Ramadan, pray four rak'ahs, and seek Allah's forgiveness afterwards.
من فاتته صلاة ولم يحصها فله أن يقيم في آخر الجمعة من رمضان ويصلي أربع ركعات ويستغفر الله بعدهاA: This hadith is not authentic, and it has no basis. However, you must make up the prayers. If a person misses prayers due to forgetfulness, or because of sleep or illness, he must make them up. But if he left them off intentionally without any doubt, he does not make them up; because leaving them off intentionally is major shirk (associating partners with Allah), even if he does not deny their obligation, according to the most correct of the scholars' opinions.
As for one who leaves off prayer intentionally while denying its obligation, he becomes a disbeliever according to all scholars. But if he acknowledges its obligation and knows that it is fard (obligatory) upon him, yet he leaves it off out of negligence and laziness, there is a disagreement among the scholars regarding his ruling.
The correct and stronger position in this issue is that he commits major shirk (associating partners with Allah), and he does not make up the prayers. He must repent for what has passed and be steadfast in performing them in the future.
As for one who left them off due to illness, or forgot them, or slept through them, he must make them up. This is based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):
Whoever sleeps through the prayer or forgets it, let him pray it when he remembers it. There is no expiation for it except that.
من نام عن الصلاة أو نسيها فليصلها إذا ذكرها لا كفارة لها إلا ذلكSay to those who have disbelieved [that] if they cease, what has previously occurred will be forgiven for them
قُلْ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِنْ يَنْتَهُوا يُغْفَرْ لَهُمْ مَا قَدْ سَلَفَIslam wipes out all the previous (misdeeds)? Verily migration wipes out all the previous (misdeeds),
التوبة تهدم ما كان قبلها والإسلام يهدم ما كان قبلهThe covenant that distinguishes between us and them is prayer; so whoever leaves it, he has committed Kufr.
العهد الذي بيننا وبينهم الصلاة فمن تركها فقد كفرThe head of the matter is Islam, and its pillar is the Salat, and its hump is Jihad
رأس الأمر الإسلام، وعموده الصلاة، وذروة سنامه الجهاد في سبيل اللهBetween man and polytheism and unbelief is the abandonment of salat.
بين الرجل وبين الشرك والكفر ترك الصلاةThese texts, and what comes in their meaning, all indicate that one who leaves off prayer intentionally out of negligence and laziness, not due to an excuse such as sleep or illness that permits delay, or due to forgetfulness, is a disbeliever. The one who forgets, the one who sleeps, and the sick person for whom delay is permitted must make up the prayers. As for the one who does it intentionally and is lax, he does not make them up, and he must repent to Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He), as mentioned earlier.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.