Discussion of the manner of feeding in the expiation for an oath.
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : All right, let us return to this a second time. You mentioned that feeding ten poor people has two forms: either you provide them with breakfast or dinner, or you give each person one kilogram. Where did you get the kilogram from? Where did you get it from? This is arbitrary. All right, say one kilogram, say two kilograms, say whatever suffices. Where did you get one kilogram from? You must either bring evidence or say, "Feed them food, uncooked, that suffices them for cooked food," right?
The questioner : Custom...
The Shaykh : Yes, in reality, there is no clear evidence on the matter, except that one might say our evidence is the hadith of Ka'b ibn Ujr, when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) permitted him to shave and feed six poor people, half a sa' for each poor person. He specified half a sa' for each poor person, so the rest is measured by that. Half a sa' of dates; the scholars said that in wheat and the like, it is half of that, so it would be a quarter of a sa'. A quarter of the Prophetic sa' is one-fifth of our sa', and one-fifth of the sa' corresponds to one kilogram. The matter is approximate, meaning it is not a known fixed limit, but it is an approximation. And if you reflect, you will find that feeding and the one being fed have three states: sometimes the amount given is estimated without the recipient, sometimes the recipient is estimated without the amount given, and sometimes both the amount given and the recipient are estimated. An example of where the amount given is estimated without the recipient: Ya Muhammad Nur? Allah obligated upon us food where the food was estimated but the one to whom this food is given was not estimated. Like what?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Yes?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Allah obligated upon us food.
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : He obligated, He made it obligatory upon us.
And what is this?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : The amount given, the payment, is estimated without the recipient. A sa' of food. That is why it is permissible to distribute one fidyah among more than one poor person, and it is permissible to give several fidyah to one poor person. What is estimated here?
The questioner : The amount given...
The Shaykh : The amount given without the recipient. Or if you wish, say the payment without the one to whom it is paid. The one to whom it is paid and the payment are not estimated.
The questioner : The fidyah for harm.
The Shaykh : The fidyah for harm. The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Sahih al-Bukhari 1816 In this, the one to whom it is paid is estimated without the payment.
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Like the expiation for an oath, where the one to whom it is paid is estimated without the payment. That is why Shaykh al-Islam (may Allah have mercy on him) said, "As long as the Shari'ah has not specified for us, then whatever is called feeding is sufficient, even if it is breakfast or dinner," right?
The questioner : Shaykh ... .
The Shaykh : No, on the contrary.
Yes?
The questioner : Custom...
The Shaykh : Yes, in reality, there is no clear evidence on the matter, except that one might say our evidence is the hadith of Ka'b ibn Ujr, when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) permitted him to shave and feed six poor people, half a sa' for each poor person. He specified half a sa' for each poor person, so the rest is measured by that. Half a sa' of dates; the scholars said that in wheat and the like, it is half of that, so it would be a quarter of a sa'. A quarter of the Prophetic sa' is one-fifth of our sa', and one-fifth of the sa' corresponds to one kilogram. The matter is approximate, meaning it is not a known fixed limit, but it is an approximation. And if you reflect, you will find that feeding and the one being fed have three states: sometimes the amount given is estimated without the recipient, sometimes the recipient is estimated without the amount given, and sometimes both the amount given and the recipient are estimated. An example of where the amount given is estimated without the recipient: Ya Muhammad Nur? Allah obligated upon us food where the food was estimated but the one to whom this food is given was not estimated. Like what?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Yes?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Allah obligated upon us food.
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : He obligated, He made it obligatory upon us.
And what is this?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : The amount given, the payment, is estimated without the recipient. A sa' of food. That is why it is permissible to distribute one fidyah among more than one poor person, and it is permissible to give several fidyah to one poor person. What is estimated here?
The questioner : The amount given...
The Shaykh : The amount given without the recipient. Or if you wish, say the payment without the one to whom it is paid. The one to whom it is paid and the payment are not estimated.
The questioner : The fidyah for harm.
The Shaykh : The fidyah for harm. The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
feed six poor persons each with half a Sa of food
أطعم ستة مساكين لكل مسكين نصف صاعThe questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Like the expiation for an oath, where the one to whom it is paid is estimated without the payment. That is why Shaykh al-Islam (may Allah have mercy on him) said, "As long as the Shari'ah has not specified for us, then whatever is called feeding is sufficient, even if it is breakfast or dinner," right?
The questioner : Shaykh ... .
The Shaykh : No, on the contrary.
Yes?