The ruling on a woman fasting without her husband's permission
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In another question, she asks: Is it permissible for a woman to fast without her husband's permission, whether to make up an obligatory fast or as a voluntary fast? And is it permissible for him, if he knows she is fasting in the middle of the day, to order her to break her fast or to let her complete it? And is it permissible for her to fast while he is not pleased and is angry with her if she insists on fasting?
Answer: As for the obligatory fast, such as making up Ramadan, he has no right to prevent her, and he must enable her to do so. She is not required to obey him in this if he prevents her; she must make up the fast, because Allah (Mighty and Majestic) commanded her to make it up, and so did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The Muslims have agreed that it is obligatory for a woman who broke her fast in Ramadan due to menstruation or post-natal bleeding to make it up, and her husband has no right to prevent her from doing so.
As for voluntary fasting: if he is absent, there is no harm, but if he is present, she must not fast without his permission, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):. So if your husband is present, you have no right to fast without his permission, meaning voluntary fasting, such as on Thursdays or Mondays, or the six days of Shawwal, or fasting three days of every month, and the like. His permission is necessary; if he gives you permission, then fast, otherwise do not fast.
As for if he is absent and traveling, there is no harm in your fasting during his absence, even without his permission, because in that case he is not harmed by it and there is no burden on him regarding it. This is different from his presence, where he might be prevented from some of his needs.
In summary: it is not permissible for you to fast while he is present if the fast is voluntary, except with his permission. As for when he is absent, there is no harm. As for making up Ramadan, it is obligatory for you to fast even if he does not give permission. However, speaking with him about it and asking for his leniency so that he allows you to hasten the fasting is good and fine speech, because a person does not know whether his life will be long or not. So if you hasten to fast and rush to fast, it is safer for you, and he has no right to prevent you from that, meaning making up what you owe from Ramadan. Yes.
The presenter: May Allah reward you with good.
Answer: As for the obligatory fast, such as making up Ramadan, he has no right to prevent her, and he must enable her to do so. She is not required to obey him in this if he prevents her; she must make up the fast, because Allah (Mighty and Majestic) commanded her to make it up, and so did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The Muslims have agreed that it is obligatory for a woman who broke her fast in Ramadan due to menstruation or post-natal bleeding to make it up, and her husband has no right to prevent her from doing so.
As for voluntary fasting: if he is absent, there is no harm, but if he is present, she must not fast without his permission, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):
A woman must not fast while her husband is present except with his permission
لا تصومن امرأة وزوجها حاضر إلا بإذنهAs for if he is absent and traveling, there is no harm in your fasting during his absence, even without his permission, because in that case he is not harmed by it and there is no burden on him regarding it. This is different from his presence, where he might be prevented from some of his needs.
In summary: it is not permissible for you to fast while he is present if the fast is voluntary, except with his permission. As for when he is absent, there is no harm. As for making up Ramadan, it is obligatory for you to fast even if he does not give permission. However, speaking with him about it and asking for his leniency so that he allows you to hasten the fasting is good and fine speech, because a person does not know whether his life will be long or not. So if you hasten to fast and rush to fast, it is safer for you, and he has no right to prevent you from that, meaning making up what you owe from Ramadan. Yes.
The presenter: May Allah reward you with good.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.
