Ruling on a child taking from his father's wealth without his knowledge
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The listener (A. Muhammad A.), a Sudanese resident of al-Dawadimi, sent a long question, the summary of which is: If a son needs some money and asks his father, but the father does not respond to his request, and the son is forced to take from his father's wealth without the father knowing, is there a sin on the son?
Answer: This requires detail: If the father has been negligent in providing maintenance and the son is weak, unable to work, and incapacitated, then he may take from his father's wealth what satisfies his need, even without his father's knowledge. Likewise, a wife may take from her husband's wealth without his knowledge what satisfies her need and the need of her children; for it is established in the two Sahihs from A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that Hind bint Utbah (may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of Abu Sufyan, said:Sahih Muslim 1714a So he permitted her to take from his wealth in a proper manner what suffices her and her children.
So likewise, if the son is a minor, studying, weak, has nothing to support himself, and takes from his father's wealth clothing for himself, or lunch, or dinner to satisfy his need, there is no blame on him. Or if his father is wealthy and the son has nothing and is in need of marriage, and he takes from his father's wealth what he needs to marry with; because he is incapacitated and his father is capable and has much wealth, then there is no blame on him. For it is obligatory upon the father to chaste his son by marrying him. Yes.
The presenter: May Allah reward you with good, and this is obligatory upon the father, Your Eminence the Shaykh?
The Shaykh: Yes, if he is capable and the son is incapacitated. But if the son is capable, he has no right to take anything from his father's wealth; rather, he must take from his own wealth and spend from his own wealth. Yes.
The presenter: May Allah bless you, and what about marriage?
The Shaykh: And marriage is likewise; he marries from his own wealth. If he is capable, he marries from his own wealth.
The presenter: May Allah reward you.
Answer: This requires detail: If the father has been negligent in providing maintenance and the son is weak, unable to work, and incapacitated, then he may take from his father's wealth what satisfies his need, even without his father's knowledge. Likewise, a wife may take from her husband's wealth without his knowledge what satisfies her need and the need of her children; for it is established in the two Sahihs from A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that Hind bint Utbah (may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of Abu Sufyan, said:
Abu Sufyan is a miserly person. He does not give adequate maintenance for me and my children, but (I am constrained) to take from his wealth (some part of it) without his knowledge. Is there any sin for me? Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: Take from his property what is customary which may suffice you and your children.
يا رسول الله! إن أبا سفيان رجل شحيح، -يعني: بخيل- لا يعطيني ما يكفيني ويكفي بني إلا ما أخذته من ماله بغير علمه، فهل علي في ذلك من جناح؟ فقال النبي ﷺ: خذي من ماله بالمعروف ما يكفيك ويكفي بنيكSo likewise, if the son is a minor, studying, weak, has nothing to support himself, and takes from his father's wealth clothing for himself, or lunch, or dinner to satisfy his need, there is no blame on him. Or if his father is wealthy and the son has nothing and is in need of marriage, and he takes from his father's wealth what he needs to marry with; because he is incapacitated and his father is capable and has much wealth, then there is no blame on him. For it is obligatory upon the father to chaste his son by marrying him. Yes.
The presenter: May Allah reward you with good, and this is obligatory upon the father, Your Eminence the Shaykh?
The Shaykh: Yes, if he is capable and the son is incapacitated. But if the son is capable, he has no right to take anything from his father's wealth; rather, he must take from his own wealth and spend from his own wealth. Yes.
The presenter: May Allah bless you, and what about marriage?
The Shaykh: And marriage is likewise; he marries from his own wealth. If he is capable, he marries from his own wealth.
The presenter: May Allah reward you.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.