Continuation of the reading from Ibn 'Aqil's commentary (may Allah have mercy on him), with the Shaykh's annotations: "
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The reader: "It is the dependent that completes its antecedent by specifying one of its attributes, such as: 'I passed by a noble man,' or one of the attributes of what it is attached to, which is its causal relationship, such as: 'I passed by a man whose father is noble'".
The student: Which is its causal relationship!
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: Which is its causal relationship.
The Shaykh : Repeat your words so that it becomes clear to us.
The reader: "Or one of the attributes of what it is attached to, which is its causal relationship, such as: 'I passed by a man whose father is noble.' So his saying: 'the dependent' includes all dependents, and his saying: 'completes' to the end excludes from the dependents everything other than the adjective".
The Shaykh : Excludes what?
The reader: "Excludes from the dependents everything other than the adjective".
The Shaykh : The adjective?! What do you say?
The student: The adjective.
The Shaykh : The adjective, except when it becomes a verb; it only becomes a preposition when it is stripped of "ma," yes.
The reader: "Excludes from the dependents everything other than the adjective, and the adjective is for specification, such as: 'I passed by Zayd the tailor,' and for praise, such as: 'I passed by Zayd the noble one,' and of this is His saying, the Exalted:, and for blame, such as: 'I passed by Zayd the open sinner,' and of this is His saying, the Exalted: [An-Nahl 16:98], and for seeking mercy, such as: 'I passed by Zayd the poor one,' and for emphasis, such as: 'yesterday's last one does not return,' and His saying, the Exalted: [Al-Haqqah 69:13]".
The Shaykh : It became "one" as an emphasis for "blast," because "one" is derived from the word "blast," but despite that, we do not say it is an emphasis; we parse it as an adjective. So the adjective is divided into these categories in terms of meaning: the first is that it is for specification, praise, blame, and seeking mercy, and the fifth is emphasis. Now, what indicates to us these meanings? What indicates these meanings is the context. What indicates these meanings is the context. So sometimes a single word may be a blame for one person and a praise for another, but the context is what clarifies that this adjective is for praise or for blame. And if you say: "I passed by Zayd the poor one," or: "Give to Zayd the poor one," there is no doubt that the intended meaning is seeking mercy, yes.
The student: Which is its causal relationship!
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: Which is its causal relationship.
The Shaykh : Repeat your words so that it becomes clear to us.
The reader: "Or one of the attributes of what it is attached to, which is its causal relationship, such as: 'I passed by a man whose father is noble.' So his saying: 'the dependent' includes all dependents, and his saying: 'completes' to the end excludes from the dependents everything other than the adjective".
The Shaykh : Excludes what?
The reader: "Excludes from the dependents everything other than the adjective".
The Shaykh : The adjective?! What do you say?
The student: The adjective.
The Shaykh : The adjective, except when it becomes a verb; it only becomes a preposition when it is stripped of "ma," yes.
The reader: "Excludes from the dependents everything other than the adjective, and the adjective is for specification, such as: 'I passed by Zayd the tailor,' and for praise, such as: 'I passed by Zayd the noble one,' and of this is His saying, the Exalted:
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم[first] seek refuge in Allah from Satan, the expelled [from His mercy].
فاستعذ بالله مِن الشيطان الرجيمThen when the Horn is blown with one blast
فإذا نفخ في الصور نفخة واحدةThe Shaykh : It became "one" as an emphasis for "blast," because "one" is derived from the word "blast," but despite that, we do not say it is an emphasis; we parse it as an adjective. So the adjective is divided into these categories in terms of meaning: the first is that it is for specification, praise, blame, and seeking mercy, and the fifth is emphasis. Now, what indicates to us these meanings? What indicates these meanings is the context. What indicates these meanings is the context. So sometimes a single word may be a blame for one person and a praise for another, but the context is what clarifies that this adjective is for praise or for blame. And if you say: "I passed by Zayd the poor one," or: "Give to Zayd the poor one," there is no doubt that the intended meaning is seeking mercy, yes.