Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "The specification is like a vocative without 'ya' *** like 'O young man' following 'arguniya'."
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh :"The specification is like a vocative without 'ya' *** like 'O young man' following 'arguniya'"
The original form of "arguniya" is "arguni," so the alif here is for generalization. You say: "Arguni, O young man," "Arguni, O young man." Now, is "O young man" for the addressee or for the speaker? "Arguni, O young man"?
The student: For the speaker.
The Shaykh : Huh? For the speaker. This is for the speaker. Write it down, so it must be preceded by something. And the vocative, is it preceded by something or not? It is not preceded by anything. That means the specification must be preceded by a sentence or something other than a sentence; the important thing is that it is preceded by something. As for the vocative, huh? It is not required. You say "O Muhammad," "O Bakr," "O Khalid," "O 'Amr," and the like.
The original form of "arguniya" is "arguni," so the alif here is for generalization. You say: "Arguni, O young man," "Arguni, O young man." Now, is "O young man" for the addressee or for the speaker? "Arguni, O young man"?
The student: For the speaker.
The Shaykh : Huh? For the speaker. This is for the speaker. Write it down, so it must be preceded by something. And the vocative, is it preceded by something or not? It is not preceded by anything. That means the specification must be preceded by a sentence or something other than a sentence; the important thing is that it is preceded by something. As for the vocative, huh? It is not required. You say "O Muhammad," "O Bakr," "O Khalid," "O 'Amr," and the like.