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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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The ruling on a person in a state of major ritual impurity who does not find sufficient water for the full ritual bath

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Question:
I hope you will look into this issue of mine and answer it, as I am asking about the ruling if a person is in a place where there is not enough water for the full ritual bath to remove major ritual impurity, and he finds only a small amount, what is the ruling?
I hope you will guide me. May Allah reward you with good.

Answer:
Allah the Exalted says:
So fear Allah as much as you are ableفَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ
[al-Taghābun:16] And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
And if I order you to do something, then do of it as much as you can.إذا أمرتكم بأمر؛ فأتوا منه ما استطعتم
Sahih al-Bukhari 7288
So if a person is in a place where there is only a small amount of water that is not sufficient for the full ritual bath, he should wash with it whatever part of his body he can, then perform dry ablution with clean earth for the rest, because he is excused, like one in the desert, or in a prison where he is not given water except for drinking, and he does not have water sufficient for the full ritual bath, and is not given water for the full ritual bath; he should perform the full ritual bath with what he has, washing part of his body—such as his head and chest, and the like—and using it to clean himself after relieving himself, and perform dry ablution with clean earth for the rest, meaning: he strikes the earth with his hands with the intention of ritual purity, and wipes his face and hands with it for the rest of his body, intending thereby purification from major ritual impurity. And if he intends purification from major ritual impurity and all states of minor ritual impurity, that is valid, and his ritual purity becomes complete for both the major and minor states of ritual impurity, acting in accordance with the saying of the Exalted:
So fear Allah as much as you are ableفَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ
[al-Taghābun:16].
And if the water he has is needed for drinking, and he fears thirst, he should not perform the full ritual bath with it, but rather perform dry ablution with clean earth for everything, and keep the water for his need, acting in accordance with the saying of the Exalted:
So fear Allah as much as you are ableفَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ
[al-Taghābun:16] and acting in accordance with His saying (peace and blessings be upon him) :
and do not throw [yourselves] with your [own] hands into destruction [by refraining]وَلا تُلْقُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ
[al-Baqarah:195] Yes.
Source binbaz.org.sa

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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