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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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What is the ruling on a woman who miscarried a fetus that was two months old?

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Question:
A woman miscarried a fetus that was two months old more than twenty-two years ago. Today, she is unable to fast, and therefore I want to replace it by paying out a sum of money. What type of charity is it? Is it permissible to pay its value to a single individual or a needy family who receives social security, or to give it to one of the charitable organizations, or to send it outside the country due to my inability to distribute it among the needy?

Answer:
A fetus that is less than four months is not called a fetus, and there is nothing required for it. If it is miscarried at less than four months, whether one, two, or three months, there is nothing required for it. It is buried in a clean place, and praise be to Allah, there is nothing required for it.
As for if she miscarried after the soul had been breathed into it, then there is a detailed ruling:
If she did it intentionally, she has committed a sin, and she must repent to Allah, and she owes an expiation, and she owes its blood money, which is one-tenth of her mother's blood money.
As for if it was an accident, and it miscarried from her by mistake, then there is only the expiation and the blood money, and there is no sin if she did not intend it, but rather it was due to other causes.
As for what is less than that, before the soul is breathed into it, as long as it is a clot or a lump of flesh, there is nothing required for it. There is no expiation, no prayer is performed over it, and it is not named. It is not a child until the soul is breathed into it, until it completes four months and enters the fifth.
Source binbaz.org.sa

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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