What is the meaning of: {A disavowal from Allah and His Messenger to those who...}?
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The question: A Sudanese brother, whose name is 'Adh Allah Jubran Uthman, our brother asks about the interpretation of the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Surah al-Tawbah: 1]?
The answer: This verse was revealed at the end of the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) life. The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) had made treaties with some of the polytheists for a specified duration, with others he had an indefinite treaty, and with others he had no treaty. So Allah revealed this verse containing a disavowal of the polytheists and the casting aside of the treaties with them; for this reason, He, the Exalted, said: [Surah al-Tawbah: 1-2], the verse.
So Allah, (Exalted and Majestic is He), commanded him to disavow them. Whoever had a treaty, it remained valid until its term ended. And whoever had an indefinite treaty or no treaty, Allah granted them four months. He sent al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) and 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and those with them in the year nine of the Hijrah to announce during the pilgrimage season:.
This is the meaning of the verse according to the scholars of knowledge. Yes.
[This is a declaration of] disassociation, from Allah and His Messenger, to those with whom you had made a treaty among the polytheists.
بَرَاءَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ إِلَى الَّذِينَ عَاهَدتُّمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَThe answer: This verse was revealed at the end of the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) life. The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) had made treaties with some of the polytheists for a specified duration, with others he had an indefinite treaty, and with others he had no treaty. So Allah revealed this verse containing a disavowal of the polytheists and the casting aside of the treaties with them; for this reason, He, the Exalted, said:
(1) [This is a declaration of] disassociation, from Allah and His Messenger, to those with whom you had made a treaty among the polytheists. (2) So travel freely, [O disbelievers], throughout the land [during] four months
بَرَاءَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ إِلَى الَّذِينَ عَاهَدتُّمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَسِيحُوا فِي الأَرْضِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍSo Allah, (Exalted and Majestic is He), commanded him to disavow them. Whoever had a treaty, it remained valid until its term ended. And whoever had an indefinite treaty or no treaty, Allah granted them four months. He sent al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) and 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and those with them in the year nine of the Hijrah to announce during the pilgrimage season:
Whoever had a treaty with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), it remains valid until its term ends. And whoever had no treaty or had an indefinite treaty, he has four months. After that, he is at war with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), unless he enters into Islam.
من كان له عهد عند رسول الله ﷺ فهو على مدته، ومن لم يكن له عهد أو له عهد مطلق فله أربعة أشهر، بعدها يكون حربًا للرسول ﷺ إلا أن يدخل في الإسلامThis is the meaning of the verse according to the scholars of knowledge. Yes.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.