The status of the hadith: (… I intend to pray four rak'ahs as expiation for the prayers I missed…)
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Q330: The questioner says: I read a hadith from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), in which he says: Whoever misses a prayer in his lifetime and does not pray it, let him stand on the last Friday of Ramadan and pray four rak'ahs with one tashahhud, reciting in each rak'ah al-Fatihah and Surat al-Qadr fifteen times, and Surat al-Kawthar likewise, and saying in the intention: I intend to pray four rak'ahs as expiation for the prayers I missed. What is the authenticity of this hadith?
A330: This hadith has no basis in the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). What is established from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is that he said: As for the prayers you missed previously, if you missed them due to sleep, for example, or fainting, or an excuse you thought permitted you to delay them, then it is obligatory for you to make them up, and to pray them in order immediately. However, if you missed them intentionally, the correct opinion among the scholars is that making them up is not valid. We advise that hadiths should not be taken from such a book; rather, one should refer to the trusted books of hadith, such as Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, and other known, trusted books. As for this hadith you mentioned, I have not found a basis for it in what I have reviewed, and it appears to have no basis; because the virtues of Friday mentioned by the scholars did not include this hadith. The dhikr prescribed on the night of Friday is to increase the sending of blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the night of Friday, on the day of Friday, and on the dawn of Friday. It is recommended to recite in the Fajr prayer, in the first rak'ah, Surat al-Sajdah, and in the second rak'ah, Surat al-Inshiqaq.
"Alam ya'ti" (Has there not come). This is what is prescribed on the night of Friday. As for specifying this prayer for that night alone, without other nights, there is no hadith regarding this, so it is like the other nights. The Muslim should pray whatever tahajjud is easy for him, and conclude it with witr. As for praying this specific prayer you mentioned, there is nothing valid regarding it from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). And you must, as we mentioned, act upon the hadith by reviewing the known, trusted books of the Sunnah. As for taking a strange or unknown book and relying on it, and transmitting hadiths from it, that will lead you to error. Among the hadiths are those that are fabricated and falsely attributed to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and there are weak ones. The books of the specialists in hadith clarify this. Not every hadith you find in a book is acted upon until its origin is verified. And Allah knows best.
A330: This hadith has no basis in the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). What is established from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is that he said:
Whoever sleeps through a prayer or forgets it, let him pray it when he remembers it. There is no expiation for it except that.
من نام عن صلاة أو نسيها فليصلها إذا ذكرها، لا كفارة لها إلا ذلك"Alam ya'ti" (Has there not come). This is what is prescribed on the night of Friday. As for specifying this prayer for that night alone, without other nights, there is no hadith regarding this, so it is like the other nights. The Muslim should pray whatever tahajjud is easy for him, and conclude it with witr. As for praying this specific prayer you mentioned, there is nothing valid regarding it from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). And you must, as we mentioned, act upon the hadith by reviewing the known, trusted books of the Sunnah. As for taking a strange or unknown book and relying on it, and transmitting hadiths from it, that will lead you to error. Among the hadiths are those that are fabricated and falsely attributed to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and there are weak ones. The books of the specialists in hadith clarify this. Not every hadith you find in a book is acted upon until its origin is verified. And Allah knows best.
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.