One who dies with a debt, and his creditor hears of it, is the debt dropped from him?
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Q: I have a debt owed by a man, and then he died, and the debt remains upon him. I want to forgive him, but I heard from some students of knowledge that forgiveness is not permissible and that the deceased’s liability is not cleared by it. So I want from you a sufficient answer and the correct, stronger opinion in this matter, knowing that this deceased man was poor and his heirs are poor orphans. May Allah preserve you.
A: If the creditor forgives the debt that is in the liability of the deceased, then the liability of the deceased is cleared by that, and the one who forgives is rewarded. Allah the Exalted said:[Ash-Shuraa 42:40], and He the Exalted said: [Al-Baqarah 2:280]. So may Allah reward you with good and compensate you with good for what you forgave.
A: If the creditor forgives the debt that is in the liability of the deceased, then the liability of the deceased is cleared by that, and the one who forgives is rewarded. Allah the Exalted said:
but whoever pardons and makes reconciliation - his reward is [due] from Allah
فَمَنْ عَفَا وَأَصْلَحَ فَأَجْرُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِAnd if someone is in hardship, then [let there be] postponement until [a time of] ease
وَإِنْ كَانَ ذُو عُسْرَةٍ فَنَظِرَةٌ إِلَى مَيْسَرَةٍ
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.