The Status of Mary and Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with them both)
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The second question of Fatwa No. ( 20530 )
Q 2: We have heard a Prophetic hadith to the effect that all those who will enter Paradise will be given this opportunity while they are young, regardless of their ages. However, it is often repeated in the Friday prayer that Fatimah , the daughter of our Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), will lead the women of Paradise, while the young men al-Hasan and al-Husayn (may Allah be pleased with them both) will lead the young men. If this hadith is authentic, do you not see that it contradicts the Qur'anic verse (42) in Surat al-Imran regarding the status of Mary ? In my opinion, the hadith is fabricated and is the product of the minds of the Shi'ah . What is your opinion, Your Eminence?
A 2: Allah the Exalted stated the status of Mary (peace be upon her) and her excellence over women:[Ali 'Imran 3:42] Ibn Kathir (may Allah have mercy on him) said in (al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya): "It is possible that the intended meaning is: the women of her time, just as He said to Musa: It is possible that the intended meaning is: the women of her time, just as He said to Musa: [Al-A'raf 7:144]
and just as He said regarding the Children of Israel[Ad-Dukhan 44:32], and it is well known that Ibrahim (peace be upon him) is more excellent than Musa, and that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is more excellent than both of them. Likewise, this Ummah is more excellent than all the nations before it, greater in number, better in knowledge, and purer in action than the Children of Israel and others. It is also possible that His saying: preserves the generality, so that ( Mary ) is the most excellent of the women of the world, whether those who were before her or those who came after her. This is the end of his statement. And there is in the Sunnah what supports the second view, which is that Mary is the most excellent of the women of the worlds until the Day of Resurrection, and not just the women of her time, with the exception of Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her), the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). It was narrated from Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Mishkat al-Masabih 30:204 Al-Tirmidhi and al-Hakim and others graded it as authentic, and al-Nasa'i narrated it with a sound chain from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: The
Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:As-Sunan al-Kubra lil-Nasa'i 60:249. Al-Hafith Ibn Kathir said in (al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya): "(And Abu al-Qasim al-Baghawi said: Wahb ibn Munabbih narrated to us, and Khalid ibn Abdullah al-Wasiti narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Amr , from Abu Salama , from Aisha that she said to Fatimah : 'What do you think of when I fell upon the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and wept, and then laughed?' She said: 'He informed me that he would die from this illness, so I wept. Then I fell upon him and he informed me that I would be the first of his family to join him, and that I would be the lady of the women of Paradise, except for Mary, the daughter of Imran , so I laughed.' The original of this hadith is in the Sahih, and this chain is according to the conditions of Muslim . And in it is that they—meaning Mary and Fatimah —are the most excellent of the four mentioned. And so is the hadith narrated by Imam Ahmad : ' Uthman ibn Muhammad narrated to us, and Jarir narrated to us, from Yazid, who is Ibn Abi Ziyad , from Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Nu'aym , from Abu Sa'id that he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: As-Sunan al-Kubra lil-Nasa'i 61:127 The chain is good, and al-Tirmidhi graded it as authentic, but they did not include it in their collections. And something similar was narrated from the hadith of Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him), but there is weakness in its chain. The point is that this indicates that Mary and Fatimah are the most excellent of these four. Then it is possible that the exception implies that Mary is more excellent than Fatimah , and it is possible that they are equal in excellence. But a hadith was reported which, if authentic, specifies the first possibility. So al-Hafith Abu al-Qasim Ibn Asakir said: ' Abu al-Hasan ibn al-Farrah , and Abu Ghalib and Abu Abdullah , the sons of al-Banna , said: ' Abu Ja'far ibn al-Muslamah narrated to us, and Abu Tahir al-Mukhlas narrated to us, and Ahmad ibn Sulayman narrated to us, and al-Zubayr, who is Ibn Bakkar , narrated to us, and Muhammad ibn al-Hasan narrated to us, from Abd al-Aziz ibn Muhammad , from Musa ibn Uqba , from Kuraib , from Ibn Abbas that he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If this wording is preserved with the 'thumma' (then) indicating sequence, it clarifies one of the two possibilities indicated by the exception, and it takes precedence over the previous wordings that were reported with the conjunction 'wa' (and), which does not imply sequence nor negate it. And Allah knows best. And this hadith was narrated by Abu Hatim al-Razi from Dawud al-Ja'fari , from Abd al-Aziz ibn Muhammad , who is al-Dawarqi , from Ibrahim ibn Uqba , from Kuraib , from Ibn Abbas , traced back to the Prophet, and he mentioned it with the conjunction 'wa' (and) rather than 'thumma' (then)
indicating sequence, so he differed from the previous one in both chain and text. And Allah knows best." This is the end of the statement of al-Hafith Ibn Kathir (may Allah have mercy on him). And the summary is: that Mary (peace be upon her) is the most excellent of women absolutely, so the verse is in its generality, except in the case of Fatimah , the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), in which case there are two possibilities: either that Mary is more excellent, or that they are equal. And Allah is the One who grants success. And success is from Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and his Companions.
Q 2: We have heard a Prophetic hadith to the effect that all those who will enter Paradise will be given this opportunity while they are young, regardless of their ages. However, it is often repeated in the Friday prayer that Fatimah , the daughter of our Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), will lead the women of Paradise, while the young men al-Hasan and al-Husayn (may Allah be pleased with them both) will lead the young men. If this hadith is authentic, do you not see that it contradicts the Qur'anic verse (42) in Surat al-Imran regarding the status of Mary ? In my opinion, the hadith is fabricated and is the product of the minds of the Shi'ah . What is your opinion, Your Eminence?
A 2: Allah the Exalted stated the status of Mary (peace be upon her) and her excellence over women:
And [mention] when the angels said, "O Mary, indeed Allah has chosen you and purified you and chosen you above the women of the worlds.
وَإِذْ قَالَتِ الْمَلائِكَةُ يَا مَرْيَمُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَاكِ وَطَهَّرَكِ وَاصْطَفَاكِ عَلَى نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَAnd chosen you above the women of the worlds.
وَاصْطَفَاكِ عَلَى نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَI have chosen you over the people
إِنِّي اصْطَفَيْتُكَ عَلَى النَّاسِand just as He said regarding the Children of Israel
And We certainly chose them by knowledge over [all] the worlds.
وَلَقَدِ اخْتَرْنَاهُمْ عَلَى عِلْمٍ عَلَى الْعَالَمِينَAnd chosen you above the women of the worlds.
وَاصْطَفَاكِ عَلَى نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَAmong the women of the universe Mary daughter of `Imran, Khadija daughter of Khuwailid, Fatima daughter of Muhammad and Asiya wife of Pharaoh are enough for you
حسبك من نساء العالمين مريم بنت عمران ، وخديجة بنت خويلد ، وفاطمة بنت محمد ، وآسية امرأة فرعونMessenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
The best of the women of Paradise are Khadijah, the daughter of Khuwaylid, Fatimah, the daughter of Muhammad, Mary, the daughter of 'Imran, and Asiyah, the daughter of Muzahim, the wife of Pharaoh.
أفضل نساء أهل الجنة خديجة بنت خويلد ، وفاطمة بنت محمد ، ومريم بنت عمران ، وآسية بنت مزاحم امرأة فرعونFatimah is the mistress of the women of Paradise, except for what pertains to Mary, the daughter of 'Imran.
فاطمة سيدة نساء أهل الجنة، إلا ما كان من مريم بنت عمرانThe mistress of the women of Paradise is Mary, the daughter of 'Imran, then Fatimah, then Khadijah, then Asiyah, the wife of Pharaoh.
سيدة نساء أهل الجنة مريم بنت عمران ، ثم فاطمة ، ثم خديجة ، ثم آسية امرأة فرعونindicating sequence, so he differed from the previous one in both chain and text. And Allah knows best." This is the end of the statement of al-Hafith Ibn Kathir (may Allah have mercy on him). And the summary is: that Mary (peace be upon her) is the most excellent of women absolutely, so the verse is in its generality, except in the case of Fatimah , the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), in which case there are two possibilities: either that Mary is more excellent, or that they are equal. And Allah is the One who grants success. And success is from Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and his Companions.
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.