Oath on something, then its state changes: if one breaks the oath, does he expiate for it?
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Fatwa No. ( 766 )
Q: I have a son who frequently delays performing the Fajr prayer, and this has continued for a long time. One day, he became angry with his family and mistreated them by beating them. I intervened to calm the situation, but he directed words at me that he had never directed at me before, nor at anyone older than him, due to his good manners. In the height of his anger and agitation, he nearly struck me with his hand. I thought he was in an abnormal state, although before this incident, I had not seen any sign in him that would suggest doubt. I became angry at him for this behavior and expelled him from the house, along with his children. When his uncles and his uncles' children tried to persuade me to allow him to return to the house and stay with me, I swore many oaths that I would not allow him to stay with me, nor let him into my house, nor accept food from him, nor greet him. I declared that this was for the sake of Allah's religion. I have boycotted him for a year and nine months. I have felt that I may be committing a sin before Allah regarding this. I ask your eminence for a fatwa on whether there is a small or large expiation, and to guide me to it. If the expiation is fasting, can it be replaced with money or something else? Because my health cannot withstand fasting due to my advanced age and illness. I inform your eminity that my son has become one of the best men in Allah's religion, and his standing among his community is good. He is my only son; I have no one else. Now, I am living alone in my house.
A: If the father estranged his son because he saw bad manners from him toward him and frequent neglect of the Fajr prayer, and he swore an oath regarding that, and then his son's state improved and he became one of the best men in Allah's religion, with a good standing among his community, there is no harm in the father entering his son's house, gathering with him, greeting him, and eating from his food. Likewise, there is no harm in the son entering his father's house and eating from his food. The point is that they return to their state before the oaths issued by the father. It is not obligatory for the father, after he and his son return to their state before the oaths issued by the father, to pay an expiation; because these oaths were based on the bad state the son had with his Lord and with his father, and his state changed from this badness to a good state. And success is from Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Q: I have a son who frequently delays performing the Fajr prayer, and this has continued for a long time. One day, he became angry with his family and mistreated them by beating them. I intervened to calm the situation, but he directed words at me that he had never directed at me before, nor at anyone older than him, due to his good manners. In the height of his anger and agitation, he nearly struck me with his hand. I thought he was in an abnormal state, although before this incident, I had not seen any sign in him that would suggest doubt. I became angry at him for this behavior and expelled him from the house, along with his children. When his uncles and his uncles' children tried to persuade me to allow him to return to the house and stay with me, I swore many oaths that I would not allow him to stay with me, nor let him into my house, nor accept food from him, nor greet him. I declared that this was for the sake of Allah's religion. I have boycotted him for a year and nine months. I have felt that I may be committing a sin before Allah regarding this. I ask your eminence for a fatwa on whether there is a small or large expiation, and to guide me to it. If the expiation is fasting, can it be replaced with money or something else? Because my health cannot withstand fasting due to my advanced age and illness. I inform your eminity that my son has become one of the best men in Allah's religion, and his standing among his community is good. He is my only son; I have no one else. Now, I am living alone in my house.
A: If the father estranged his son because he saw bad manners from him toward him and frequent neglect of the Fajr prayer, and he swore an oath regarding that, and then his son's state improved and he became one of the best men in Allah's religion, with a good standing among his community, there is no harm in the father entering his son's house, gathering with him, greeting him, and eating from his food. Likewise, there is no harm in the son entering his father's house and eating from his food. The point is that they return to their state before the oaths issued by the father. It is not obligatory for the father, after he and his son return to their state before the oaths issued by the father, to pay an expiation; because these oaths were based on the bad state the son had with his Lord and with his father, and his state changed from this badness to a good state. And success is from Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.