One who assists a person in claiming a father other than his own shares in the sin
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Fatwa number ( 6006 )
Q: I have a relative who is not my paternal cousin—my father’s brother’s son—but is among my relatives. He asked me to attribute him to my deceased father (may Allah have mercy on him and the Muslims). I ask for clarification of the Islamic ruling in this matter, and the sin that would be incurred by my father. Would he be held accountable for a sin if I agreed to attribute him to us? And as for me personally, would I be held accountable for a sin, and as for the one claiming the lineage?
A: Adoption was widespread in the pre-Islamic age of ignorance, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) adopted before Islam Zayd ibn Harithah until he was called Zayd ibn Muhammad instead of Zayd ibn Harithah . And a man would claim lineage to someone other than his father. When Islam came, it condemned and forbade that. It made it obligatory for a person to claim lineage to his father rather than to the one who adopted him, and it forbade him to claim lineage to anyone else. It also forbade people to attribute any person to anyone other than his father. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) cursed the one who
claims lineage to someone other than his father, and threatened him with being deprived of Paradise. Allah the Exalted said:[Al-Ahzab 33:4-5]. And he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Sunan Abi Dawud 5115Sahih (Al-Albani) narrated by Abu Dawud in his Sunan. And he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Sahih al-Bukhari 4326, 4327 narrated by Imam Ahmad in his Musnad, al-Bukhari , and Muslim . From this, it becomes clear to the questioner that if he attributes to his father a person who is not his son, in order to fulfill the desire of the one who desires that lineage, he would be a partner with the one who claimed lineage to someone other than his father in committing this great sin. Both of them fall under the aforementioned threat of Allah’s curse and deprivation of Paradise for assisting him in an evil. As for the deceased to whom a child was attributed after his death, there is no blame on him, and he will not be affected by their cooperation in the false attribution; because it is not of
his deeds or his earnings. And Allah the Exalted said:[At-Tur 52:21]. And He said: [Al-Baqarah 2:286]. And He said: [Al-An'am 6:164]. And success is from Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Q: I have a relative who is not my paternal cousin—my father’s brother’s son—but is among my relatives. He asked me to attribute him to my deceased father (may Allah have mercy on him and the Muslims). I ask for clarification of the Islamic ruling in this matter, and the sin that would be incurred by my father. Would he be held accountable for a sin if I agreed to attribute him to us? And as for me personally, would I be held accountable for a sin, and as for the one claiming the lineage?
A: Adoption was widespread in the pre-Islamic age of ignorance, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) adopted before Islam Zayd ibn Harithah until he was called Zayd ibn Muhammad instead of Zayd ibn Harithah . And a man would claim lineage to someone other than his father. When Islam came, it condemned and forbade that. It made it obligatory for a person to claim lineage to his father rather than to the one who adopted him, and it forbade him to claim lineage to anyone else. It also forbade people to attribute any person to anyone other than his father. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) cursed the one who
claims lineage to someone other than his father, and threatened him with being deprived of Paradise. Allah the Exalted said:
And he has not made your adopted sons your [true] sons. That is [merely] your saying by your mouths, but Allah says the truth, and He guides to the [right] way. (5) Call them by [the names of] their fathers; it is more just in the sight of Allah. But if you do not know their fathers - then they are [still] your brothers in religion and those entrusted to you. And there is no blame upon you for that in which you have erred but [only for] what your hearts intended
وَمَا جَعَلَ أَدْعِيَاءَكُمْ أَبْنَاءَكُمْ ذَلِكُمْ قَوْلُكُمْ بِأَفْوَاهِكُمْ وَاللَّهُ يَقُولُ الْحَقَّ وَهُوَ يَهْدِي السَّبِيلَ (4) ادْعُوهُمْ لآبَائِهِمْ هُوَ أَقْسَطُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَعْلَمُوا آبَاءَهُمْ فَإِخْوَانُكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَمَوَالِيكُمْ وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ فِيمَا أَخْطَأْتُمْ بِهِ وَلَكِنْ مَا تَعَمَّدَتْ قُلُوبُكُمْIf anyone pretends to be the son of a man other than his father, or attributes his freedom to people other than those who set him free, on him will be the curse of Allah that will continue till the day of resurrection.
من ادعى إلى غير أبيه أو انتمى إلى غير مواليه فعليه لعنة الله المتتابعة إلى يوم القيامةIf somebody claims to be the son of somebody other than his father knowingly, he will be denied Paradise (i.e. he will not enter Paradise).
من ادعى إلى غير أبيه وهو يعلم فالجنة عليه حرامhis deeds or his earnings. And Allah the Exalted said:
Every person, for what he earned, is retained.
كُلُّ امْرِئٍ بِمَا كَسَبَ رَهِينٌAllah does not charge a soul except [with that within] its capacity. It will have [the consequence of] what [good] it has gained, and it will bear [the consequence of] what [evil] it has earned. "Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have forgotten or erred. Our Lord, and lay not upon us a burden like that which You laid upon those before us. Our Lord, and burden us not with that which we have no ability to bear. And pardon us; and forgive us; and have mercy upon us. You are our protector, so give us victory over the disbelieving people."
لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْand no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another
وَلاَ تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.