The ruling on reciting the prayer upon the Prophet (peace be upon him) aloud and making collective supplication after the prayer
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The first question of Fatwa No. ( 4600 ):
Q1: What is the Islamic legal ruling regarding: reciting the prayer upon the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) aloud after the congregational prayer, making supplication collectively after the prayer, reading the Qur'an collectively as a group, singing in all its forms, and praying behind an imam who is a blind shaykh and sometimes makes mistakes?
A1: First: The reward for reciting the prayer upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is immense. Allah the Exalted commanded it in the Noble Qur'an, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) encouraged it, urged people to do it, and clarified that its reward is multiplied. He said (peace and blessings be upon him):As-Sunan al-Kubra lil-Nasa'i 64:555 . It is prescribed when his name is mentioned, after the tashahhud in prayer, in the Friday sermon, in the marriage contract, and similar occasions. It is not established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), nor from his Companions (may Allah be pleased with them), nor from the imams of the Salaf: Malik and Abu Hanifa and al-Layth ibn Sa'd and al-Shafi'i and al-Awza'i and Ahmad (may Allah have mercy on them) — that they used to recite the prayer upon him (peace and blessings be upon him) collectively and aloud after the prayer. All good lies in following his guidance (peace and blessings be upon him), the guidance of his Rightly Guided Caliphs, and the rest of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them). It is established from him (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: Sahih Muslim 1718a .
Second: Supplication is an act of worship, but it is not established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), nor from his Rightly Guided Caliphs and the rest of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them), that they made supplication collectively after the prayer. Therefore, the gathering of the worshippers after the taslim of the prayer to make supplication collectively is an invented religious innovation. It is established from him (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said:Sahih Muslim 1718a , and in another narration: Sahih Muslim 1718b . Third: If the intention behind reading the Qur'an collectively is that they all read with one voice, this is not prescribed; because it is not reported from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) nor from the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them). However, if the intention is that one of them reads and the others listen, or that each reads for himself in the place of gathering without their voices meeting in the movements, pauses, connections, and stops, then this is prescribed; because it is established from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: Sahih Muslim 2699a narrated by Muslim, and it is established from 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said:
narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim . Fourth: Praying collectively behind a blind imam is permissible, and it may be better if he is more proficient in reciting the Qur'an than those praying behind him; due to the generality of his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):Sunan Ibn Majah 980Sahih (Darussalam) ... the hadith. As for if he makes mistakes, if his mistake is a mispronunciation that does not change the meaning, then praying behind one who does not mispronounce is preferable if it is easy to do so. If his mispronunciation is in al-Fatihah and changes the meaning, then praying behind him is invalid, and this is because of his mispronunciation, not because of his blindness; such as reciting "Iyyaka na'bud" with a kasrah on the kaf, or "An'amta 'alayhim" with a dammah or kasrah on the ta. If he makes mistakes due to weak memorization, then someone else who has better memorization is more deserving of the imamate than he is. And success is from Allah. And may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Q1: What is the Islamic legal ruling regarding: reciting the prayer upon the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) aloud after the congregational prayer, making supplication collectively after the prayer, reading the Qur'an collectively as a group, singing in all its forms, and praying behind an imam who is a blind shaykh and sometimes makes mistakes?
A1: First: The reward for reciting the prayer upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is immense. Allah the Exalted commanded it in the Noble Qur'an, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) encouraged it, urged people to do it, and clarified that its reward is multiplied. He said (peace and blessings be upon him):
Whoever sends prayers upon me once, Allah will send prayers upon him ten times
من صلى عليّ مرة صلَّى الله عليه بها عشرًا'A'isha reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: He who innovates things in our affairs for which there is no valid (reason) (commits sin) and these are to be rejected.
من أحدث في أمرنا هذا ما ليس منه فهو ردSecond: Supplication is an act of worship, but it is not established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), nor from his Rightly Guided Caliphs and the rest of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them), that they made supplication collectively after the prayer. Therefore, the gathering of the worshippers after the taslim of the prayer to make supplication collectively is an invented religious innovation. It is established from him (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said:
'A'isha reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: He who innovates things in our affairs for which there is no valid (reason) (commits sin) and these are to be rejected.
من أحدث في أمرنا هذا ما ليس منه فهو ردHe who did any act for which there is no sanction from our behalf, that is to be rejected.
من عمل عملاً ليس عليه أمرنا فهو ردand those persons who assemble in the house among the houses of Allah (mosques) and recite the Book of Allah and they learn and teach the Qur'an (among themselves) there would descend upon them tranquility and mercy would cover them and the angels would surround them and Allah mentions them in the presence of those near Him
وما اجتمع قوم في بيت من بيوت الله يتلون كتاب الله ويتدارسونه بينهم إلاَّ نزلت عليهم السكينة وحفتهم الملائكة وغشيتهم الرحمة وذكرهم الله فيمن عندهThe Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: "Read to me." I said: "Shall I read to you, while it was revealed to you?" He said: "Indeed, I love to hear it from someone other than myself." So I recited Surat al-Nisa until I reached: "So how will it be when We bring from every nation a witness, and bring you as a witness over these people?" He said: "Stop." And I saw his eyes shedding tears
قال لي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: " اقرأ عليّ " قلت: أقرأ عليك وعليك أنزل؟! قال: " فإني أحب أن أسمعه من غيري " فقرأت سورة النساء حتى بلغت فَكَيْفَ إِذَا جِئْنَا مِنْ كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ بِشَهِيدٍ وَجِئْنَا بِكَ عَلَى هَؤُلاءِ شَهِيدًا ، قال: " أمسك " فإذا عيناه تذرفانnarrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim . Fourth: Praying collectively behind a blind imam is permissible, and it may be better if he is more proficient in reciting the Qur'an than those praying behind him; due to the generality of his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):
The people should be lead by the one who is most well-Versed in recitation of the Book of Allah
يؤم القوم أقرؤهم لكتاب الله
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.