There is a matter that poses a difficulty for many people, which is the issue of justice between children, whether they are male or female.
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The questioner : May Allah reward the honorableThe Shaykh : There is a matter that poses a difficulty for many people. It is the issue of justice between children, whether they are male or female. We ask for clarification of this matter regarding the purchase of a car or marriage. What is the difference between the terms: gift, present, donation, or maintenance? And what is the ruling on bequeathing such a thing: that a father bequeaths money to one of his sons to be used when he reaches maturity and needs to marry, for example? And if he does not bequeath, do the children have the right to dispose of the money in this manner after they have agreed and consented? We ask for clarification of this matter and the issues that arise from it. May Allah bless your knowledge and benefit us through you.
The Shaykh : All right. Bashir ibn Sa'd al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) said: His father gave him a gift, either a slave or an orchard. So his mother said to her husband: I am not satisfied until you have the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) witness this. So he went to have the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) witness it. He said:. The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) disavowed him. When he asked him:
السائل : جزى الله والدنا وشيخنا خير الجزاء وجمعنا جميعا في مستقر رحمته. والحمد لله رب العالمين وصلى الله على نبينا محمد.
الشيخ : الآن نرجوا منكم جزاكم الله خير أناس يتولون التوزيع.
The Shaykh : All right. Bashir ibn Sa'd al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) said: His father gave him a gift, either a slave or an orchard. So his mother said to her husband: I am not satisfied until you have the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) witness this. So he went to have the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) witness it. He said:
I will not witness this. For I do not witness injustice.
أشهد على هذا غيري. فإني لا أشهد على جورDo you have sons? He said: Yes. He said: Did you give them all the like of this? He said: No. He said: I do not witness injustice. It is not permissible for a person to single out one of his children with something to the exclusion of the others, except in the matter of maintenance. Justice in this is to give every person what he is entitled to. And this varies. The older one needs long, wide clothes, and the younger one does not. Do we say: If you gave the younger one a garment and gave the older one a garment, you give the younger one the difference between the two garments? No, because spending on clothing, food, drink, and bedding is dependent on need. Justice between children is to give every person what he needs. Is marriage part of maintenance or not? Answer, everyone. It is part of maintenance. If one of them needs a wife, he marries him. The others did not need it, so do not marry them and do not give them a mahr, because the first one is married to meet his need. All right, and does a person bequeath after his death that his younger children who have not reached maturity be given the same as the older ones whom he married? No. It is not permissible to bequeath. And if he bequeaths, the bequest is invalid and rejected. But if the heirs later wish to give their younger brothers something, there is no blame on them. And success is from Allah. All right. Yes. The questioner: May Allah reward our father and our Shaykh with the best reward, and gather us all in His abode of mercy. And all praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may Allah send prayers upon our Prophet Muhammad. The Shaykh: Now we ask you, may Allah reward you with good, for people to take charge of the distribution.
ألك بنون؟ قال: نعم. قال: أكلهم أعطيتهم مثل هذا؟ قال: لا. قال: لا أشهد على جور . فلا يجوز للإنسان أن يخص أحداً من أولاده بشيء دون الآخرين إلا مسألة النفقة. فالعدل فيها أن يعطي كل إنسان ما يستحقه. وهذا يختلف. الكبير يحتاج إلى ثياب طويلة واسعة والصغير دون ذلك. هل نقول : إذا أعطيت الصغير ثوباً وأعطيت الكبير ثوباً أعط الصغير الفرق بين الثوبين؟ لا ، لأن الإنفاق من كسوة وطعام وشراب وفراش تابع للحاجة. فالعدل بين الأولاد فيه أن تعطي كل إنسان ما يحتاج. التزويج من النفقة أو لا؟ أجيبوا يا جماعة. من النفقة. إذا احتاج أحدهم إلى زوجة زوجه. الآخرون لم يحتاجوا لا تزوجهم ولا تعطهم مهراً ، لأن الأول زوجته لدفع حاجته. طيب وهل يوصي الإنسان بعد موته أن يعطى أولاده الصغار الذين لم يبلغوا مثل ما أعطي الكبار الذين زوجهم؟ لا. لا يجوز أن يوصي. ولو أوصى فالوصية باطلة مردودة. لكن لو أن الورثة فيما بعد أرادوا أن يعطوا إخوانهم الصغار شيئاً فلا حرج. والله الموفق. طيب. نعم.السائل : جزى الله والدنا وشيخنا خير الجزاء وجمعنا جميعا في مستقر رحمته. والحمد لله رب العالمين وصلى الله على نبينا محمد.
الشيخ : الآن نرجوا منكم جزاكم الله خير أناس يتولون التوزيع.