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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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The Eighth Deviation from the Sunnah: The Hadith on Fasting on Behalf of the Deceased.

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The Shaykh : Eighth, the hadith on fasting on behalf of the deceased. He (peace be upon him) said:
'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: If anyone dies in a state (that he had to complete) some fasts, his heir must fast on his behalf. مَن مات وعليه صيام صام عنه وليُّه
Sahih Muslim 1147
, but here there is a matter of scholarly disagreement regarding whether this fasting is absolute or restricted to a specific type of fasting. There is disagreement, and the correct view is that it is restricted to the fasting of a vow. If someone dies with a vow of fasting upon him, meaning a vow of fasting, then that is the case. As for someone who dies with days of Ramadan upon him, this is not fasted on his behalf. Because this deceased person, who died with days of Ramadan upon him, has two states: either he was able to make up what was due from him but did not do so, in which case he died in a state of sin, and the fasting of his guardian on his behalf does not suffice for him; or he died with an excuse, such as dying while ill and being unable to make up the fasts, in which case he died with an excuse. So there is no need for one who died with an excuse, or who died as mentioned earlier without an excuse, to make up the fasting on his behalf. Rather, the one who dies with a vow of fasting that he obligated upon himself is the one intended by the well-known hadith:
If a person dies without observing Saum (fasts), his Wali should make it up on his behalf. مَن مات وعليه صوم صام عنه وليُّه
Riyad as-Salihin 1858
, "The one who does not come with you, come with him."
The student : May Allah preserve you, our Shaykh.

The Shaykh : She knows it.
The student: Yes.

The Shaykh : "The one who does not come with you."
The student : "Come with him."

The Shaykh : But you need to know it practically, not just in words. Is there someone who wants to come, or how?
The student : People do what they do. The one who comes, comes. Where, our Shaykh, does the one who come sit?

The Shaykh : Yes.Abu Layla .
The student: Yes, Shaykh.

The Shaykh : Is there someone who wants to come? Why? According to your madhhab, he is not.
The student: Because ... .

The Shaykh : Yes, but you do not agree with me on my madhhab. Did you not understand what this joke is? And by your right, the brother, out of his eagerness to record, if someone asks me and he is not ready, he gives a stop signal, meaning brake, why? So that he is ready and captures the question and the answer. I say to him, O...Abu Layla : ...in what follows is good and blessing. He says, no, we do not want to miss this benefit. Did you understand? So I asked him, how do we deal with these people, according to his madhhab or according to my madhhab? He said, no, according to your madhhab, according to my madhhab. He said, be patient until what? The group comes and listens. He says, no, we must, excuse me, according to his madhhab, we wait until they come and ask and listen, and everything is like that. He wants it his way. So, as you love for yourself, love for others. No, now he wants "the best of good is that which is hastened." Well, in any case, I say they will hear a lot of good.
The student : If Allah wills, there is no doubt.

The Shaykh: Oh Allah, in the name of Allah.
Source www.al-albany.com

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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