Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: ((Indeed, We offered the trust to the heavens and the earth and the mountains, but they refused to undertake it and were afraid of it. And man undertook it. Indeed, he was unjust and ignorant.))
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The Shaykh : The statement of the Exalted and Majestic: [Al-Ahzab 33:72], Allah speaks about Himself using the plural form: Why? For the sake of magnification, to magnify Himself, Mighty and Majestic, for He is the Exalted, the Great, and there is none greater than Him. The Christians likened [Him] to the common Muslims and said: "Indeed, Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, is multiple because He says: [Al-Ahzab 33:72]. And He says: [Ya-Sin 36:12]. And He says: [Al-Hijr 15:9]" They liken [Him] because these pronouns indicate what? They indicate what? They indicate the plural. But in the Arabic language, they indicate the plural and magnification. And these people were ignorant of the statement of Allah, the Exalted and Majestic: . And so, everyone who has deviation in his heart follows what is ambiguous in the Qur'an and the Sunnah and strikes some of it with some. But Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, appoints for His religion those who preserve it and repel these doubts and clarify the truth in them. Who are these? These are the firm in knowledge, by the statement of Allah, the Exalted and Majestic: [Ali 'Imran 3:7] meaning the Qur'an [Ali 'Imran 3:7]. How many parts did He mention? Answer. Two: clear verses, and others that are ambiguous [Ali 'Imran 3:7] meaning: deviation from the truth and misguidance [Ali 'Imran 3:7] and they call [people] to the clear [verses] , meaning: to mislead people from their religion meaning: to distort it as they wish. So the statement of the Exalted and Majestic: [Al-Ahzab 33:72], [Ya-Sin 36:12], [Al-Hijr 15:9], and similar verses, and similar verses, what is intended by them? What is intended by them is magnification. meaning: performing what is obligatory [Al-Ahzab 33:72] Glory to Allah! Great creatures, Allah offered them the trust, will they carry it or not? Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, said: [Al-Ahzab 33:72], meaning: they refused to carry it because it is a great responsibility. Perhaps one of you will say: How is the trust offered to inanimate objects? The answer is: inanimate objects and sentient beings are equal before the command of Allah. Allah directs the address to inanimate objects and they respond to Allah, the Exalted and Majestic. He directs the address to inanimate objects and the inanimate objects respond, because everything is equal before Allah. And listen to the statement of Allah, the Exalted and Majestic: [Fussilat 41:11]. This command is directed to whom? To inanimate objects [Fussilat 41:11]. This is the response. So these inanimate objects responded to Allah, the Exalted and Majestic. And when Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, manifested Himself to the mountain when Moses said: [Al-A'raf 7:143] out of longing for Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, [Al-A'raf 7:143] Moses looked at the mountain after Allah manifested Himself to him and made it crumble. It crumbled due to the greatness of Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, and the fear of Him, so Moses fainted. He was overcome, why? Because of the great terror he saw, a mountain of great rock crumbled in an instant! It is known that a human cannot bear this [Al-A'raf 7:143].
O my brothers: Allah, Glory be to Him, said:. This Qur'an, which is the speech of Allah and an attribute of His attributes, is perfect [Al-Hashr 59:21]. Allah offered the trust to the heavens and the earth and the mountains [Al-Ahzab 33:72] they were afraid of it lest they not fulfill the duty of the trust, Allah is the Greatest! Man carried it. With what did he carry it? With what Allah gave him of intellect and thought, and with what He sent to him of messengers, and He made the paths clear to him and guided him. Man carried it meaning: man [Al-Ahzab 33:72]. His saying: Some scholars said: The pronoun refers to the disbelieving man, he is the unjust and ignorant one. It does not refer to every human, because the Muslim is one of justice and one of knowledge and one of guidance. So the man who was unjust and ignorant is whom? The disbeliever. As for the believer, it is not possible. The believer's faith prevents him from injustice. The believer's faith prevents him from foolishness and error.
Indeed, we offered the Trust
إِنَّا عَرَضْنَا الأمانةIndeed, We offered
إِنَّا عَرَضْنَاIndeed, we offered the Trust
إِنَّا عَرَضْنَا الأَمَانَةَIndeed, it is We who bring the dead to life
إنَّا نَحْنُ نُحْيِ الْمَوْتَىIndeed, it is We who sent down the Qur'an
إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا الذِّكْرَAnd your God is one God, there is no deity except Him, the Most Merciful, the Most Merciful
وَإِلَهُكُمْ إِلَهٌ وَاحِدٌ لا إِلَهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ الرَّحْمَنُ الرَّحِيمُIt is He who has sent down to you, [O Muhammad], the Book
هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَin it are verses [that are] precise - they are the foundation of the Book - and others unspecific
مِنْهُ آيَاتٌ مُحْكَمَاتٌ هُنَّ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ وَأُخَرُ مُتَشَابِهَاتٌAs for those in whose hearts is deviation
فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ زَيْغٌthey will follow that of it which is unspecific
فَيَتَّبِعُونَ مَا تَشَابَهَ مِنْهُseeking discord
ابْتِغَاءَ الْفِتْنَةِAnd seeking its ta'wil (interpretation).
وَابْتِغَاءَ تَأْوِيلِهِIndeed, we offered the Trust
إِنَّا عَرَضْنَا الأَمَانَةَIndeed, it is We who bring the dead to life
إِنَّا نَحْنُ نُحْيِ الْمَوْتَىIndeed, it is We who sent down the Qur'an
إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا الذِّكْرَWe presented the trust
عَرَضْنَا الأَمَانَةَto the heavens and the earth and the mountains
عَلَى السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَالْجِبَالِand they declined to bear it
فَأَبَيْنَ أَنْ يَحْمِلْنَهَاrefused
أبينThen He directed Himself to the heaven while it was smoke and said to it and to the earth, "Come [into being], willingly or by compulsion."
ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَهِيَ دُخَانٌ فَقَالَ لَهَا وَلِلأَرْضِ اِئْتِيَا طَوْعاً أَوْ كَرْهاًThey said, "We have come willingly."
قَالَتَا أَتَيْنَا طَائِعِينَWe have come, obeying
أَتَيْنَا طَائِعِينَMy Lord, show me [Yourself] that I may look at You.
رَبِّ أَرِنِي أَنظُرْ إِلَيْكَYou will not see Me, but look at the mountain; if it should remain in place, then you will see Me.
قَالَ لَنْ تَرَانِي وَلَكِنْ انظُرْ إِلَى الْجَبَلِ فَإِنْ اسْتَقَرَّ مَكَانَهُ فَسَوْفَ تَرَانِيand Moses fell unconscious. And when he awoke, he said, "Exalted are You! I have repented to You, and I am the first of the believers."
خَرَّ مُوسَى صَعِقاً فَلَمَّا أَفَاقَ قَالَ سُبْحَانَكَ تُبْتُ إِلَيْكَ وَأَنَا أَوَّلُ الْمُؤْمِنِينO my brothers: Allah, Glory be to Him, said: