Explanation of the words of Imam al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding what he quoted: "
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The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
We have previously discussed that trusts encompass the rights of Allah and the rights of people, and that they are of many types. We mentioned what was possible in the previous lesson and began explaining the statement of Allah the Exalted:[An-Nisa 4:58] We mentioned that these trusts are divided into three categories: the first is what is in a person's hand for his own benefit; the second is what is in a person's hand for the benefit of its owner; and the third is what is in a person's hand for the benefit of both himself and its owner. So the statement of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: [An-Nisa 4:58] necessitates preserving these trusts and attending to them, and that a person must preserve them in the manner in which they must be preserved. This varies according to the different types of wealth; some wealth is kept in boxes with tight locks, some is kept in enclosures, and some is kept in rooms, and so on. However, it is obligatory for every person who has a trust to preserve it in the manner that is customary for preserving it. Then Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: [An-Nisa 4:58] So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, praised what He admonishes us with, namely the commands and prohibitions. The commands are those He intends for us to perform, and the prohibitions are those He intends for us to leave. Allah praised them in His statement: [An-Nisa 4:58] Then He concluded the verse with His statement: [An-Nisa 4:58] "Hearing what you say and Seeing what you do." He concluded the verse with these two noble names, which encompass the entirety of Allah's hearing and seeing, and this necessitates a threat. Thus, He, Mighty and Majestic, threatens whoever does not fulfill the trust to its rightful owners. The author (may Allah have mercy on him) said: And the statement of Allah the Exalted: [Al-Ahzab 33:72] Allah presented the trust, which is the obligation and binding of what is required, to the heavens, the earth, and the mountains. But they refused to carry it because of the hardship in it, and because of what these three—the earth, the mountains, and the heavens—feared of losing it. If someone were to ask: How does Allah present the trust to the heavens, the earth, and the mountains, which are inanimate and have no intellect and do not feel? The answer is: Every inanimate object is, in relation to Allah, Mighty and Majestic, intelligent, understanding, and obedient. Have you seen His statement, the Exalted, in what the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) reported: He addressed the Pen, which is inanimate, and said: Because the command was general, and a general command cannot be obeyed unless it is specified. He said: Mishkat al-Masabih 5936 So the Pen wrote, by the command of Allah, what is to happen until the Day of Resurrection. This is a command, an obligation, and a binding. Here, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, clarified that He presented the trust to the heavens, the earth, and the mountains, and they refused to carry it. And Allah the Exalted said: [Fussilat 41:12] Allah the Exalted said: [Fussilat 41:11] So He addressed them with a command and said: [Fussilat 41:11] So they said: Thus, the heavens and the earth understood Allah's address and obeyed, saying: "We have come, obedient." But the sons of Adam disobeyed Him, saying: "We heard and we disobeyed." The trust was carried by man. How did he carry it? He carried it by two things: intellect and messengers. The intellect that Allah, Mighty and Majestic, gave him and by which He preferred him over many of those He created, and the messengers whom Allah, Mighty and Majestic, sent to man, who clarified for him the truth from misguidance, so he had no excuse left. Nevertheless, Allah described man as oppressive and ignorant. The scholars differed on whether man is meant generally or specifically as the disbeliever. Some scholars said: It is specific to the disbeliever, who is the oppressive and ignorant one, while the believer is one of justice, knowledge, wisdom, and guidance. Other scholars said: Rather, it is general, and the meaning is man according to his nature, while the believer is one upon whom Allah has bestowed guidance, so he is an exception to this. In any case, whoever fulfills the trust, the description of oppression and ignorance is negated from him. [Al-Ahzab 33:72] So we ask Allah to help us and you to fulfill what we have carried, and to guide us and you to what He loves and is pleased with. Indeed, He is Generous and Noble.
The reader: Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and blessings and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) quoted: "From Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Sahih al-Bukhari 33 Agreed upon by al-Bukhari and Muslim, and in a narration: Mishkat al-Masabih 55Muttafaqun 'alayh (Zubair `Aliza'i) ".
We have previously discussed that trusts encompass the rights of Allah and the rights of people, and that they are of many types. We mentioned what was possible in the previous lesson and began explaining the statement of Allah the Exalted:
Indeed, Allah commands you to render trusts to whom they are due
إن الله يأمركم أن تؤدوا الأمانات إلى أهلهاIndeed, Allah commands you to render trusts to whom they are due
إن الله يأمركم أن تؤدوا الأمانات إلى أهلهاExcellent is that which Allah instructs you
إن الله نعما يعظكم بهExcellent is that which Allah instructs you
إن الله نعما يعظكم بهIndeed, Allah is ever Hearing and Seeing.
إن الله كان سميعًا بصيرًاIndeed, we offered the Trust to the heavens and the earth and the mountains, and they declined to bear it and feared it; but man [undertook to] bear it. Indeed, he was unjust and ignorant.
إنا عرضنا الأمانة على السماوات والأرض والجبال فأبين أن يحملنها وأشفقن منها وحملها الإنسان إنه كان ظلومًا جهولًاThat when Allah created the Pen, He said to it: Write.
أن الله لما خلق القلم قال: له اكتبWrite, so it said: What shall I write?
اكتب، فقال: ماذا أكتب؟He informed us of what is to happen up to the day of resurrection
اكتب ما هو كائن إلى يوم القيامةAnd He completed them as seven heavens within two days and inspired in each heaven its command
فقضاهن سبع سماوات في يومين وأوحى في كل سماء أمرهاThen He directed Himself to the heaven while it was smoke and said to it and to the earth, "Come [into being], willingly or by compulsion." They said, "We have come willingly."
ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَهِيَ دُخَانٌ فَقَالَ لَهَا وَلِلْأَرْضِ ائْتِيَا طَوْعاً أَوْ كَرْهاً قَالَتَا أَتَيْنَا طَائِعِينَCome [into being], willingly or by compulsion.
ائْتِيَا طَوْعاً أَوْ كَرْهاًWe have come, obeying
أَتَيْنَا طَائِعِينَbut man [undertook to] bear it. Indeed, he was unjust and ignorant.
وحملها الإنسان إنه كان ظلومًا جهولًاThe reader: Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and blessings and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) quoted: "From Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: