Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: (And as for he who fears his standing before his Lord and restrains the soul from [its] inclination)
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Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: (And as for he who fears his standing before his Lord and restrains the soul from [its] inclination)
Allah the Exalted said: [An-Nazi'at: 40] Meaning: he feared standing before Him; because on the Day of Resurrection, Allah the Mighty and Majestic will confront the person with his sins,And he says: saying, "You did such and such, and you did such and such," as came in the authentic hadith,So when he acknowledged, Allah said to him: (I concealed it from you in the worldly life, and I forgive it for you today) This is the one who feared this standing [An-Nazi'at: 40] Meaning: from its desires, and the soul is a commander of evil, it does not command except for evil, but there is another soul that opposes it, which is the soul at peace;Because the person has three souls: the soul at peace, the soul that commands evil, and the soul that rebukes, all of which are in the Qur'an.
As for the soul at peace: So in the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Al-Fajr: 27-30] .
And as for the soul that commands evil: So in the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Yusuf: 53] .
And as for the soul that rebukes: So in the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Al-Qiyamah: 1-2] .
And the person feels these souls within himself; he sometimes sees in himself an inclination toward good, loving good and doing it, this is the soul at peace, and he sometimes sees in himself an inclination toward evil and does it, this is the soul that commands evil.
Then comes the soul that rebukes, which rebukes him for what he did, so he finds himself regretting the disobedience he committed, or another form of rebuke that rebukes him for the good he did -may Allah protect us from that- for some people rebuke themselves for doing good, and for keeping the company of the people of good,And he says: saying, "How can I keep the company of these people who turn me away from my life, my desires, and my inclinations, and the like."
So the soul that rebukes is a soul that rebukes the soul that commands evil, and sometimes rebukes the soul at peace, so it is in reality a soul between two souls; it rebukes the soul that commands evil when it does evil and makes the person regret it, and it may rebuke the soul at peace when it does good -we ask Allah for well-being-Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: [An-Nazi'at: 40-41] Paradise is the abode of bliss that Allah the Mighty and Majestic has prepared for His awliya (close friends of Allah); in it is what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and what has not occurred to the heart of any human being,Allah the Exalted said: [As-Sajdah: 17] This is how it came in the Qur'an, and it came in the Holy Hadith: (I have prepared for My righteous servants what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and what has not occurred to the heart of any human being) .
This Paradise is perceived by the person before he dies; how is that? When the term of death approaches, the angels call the soul to exit and say: "Come out, O soul at peace, to the pleasure of Allah," and the soul is given glad tidings of Paradise,Allah the Exalted said: [An-Nahl: 32] When do they say this? At the time of death [An-Nahl: 32] He is given glad tidings of Paradise, so his soul exits willing, easy, and smooth, and for this reason, when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked, he said: (Whoever loves to meet Allah, Allah loves to meet him, and whoever hates to meet Allah, Allah hates to meet him,Aisha said: O Messenger of Allah! We all hate death,He said: It is not so) We all hate death; this is nature, but the believer, when given the glad tidings he is given at death, loves to meet Allah, loves death, and it becomes easy for him, and the disbeliever, when given the bad news that distresses him -may Allah protect us from that- at death, hates to meet Allah, and his soul flees, scattering in his body, until it is extracted from him as a blade is extracted from wet hair, and wet hair, when a blade is drawn over it -which is known among weavers- is nearly torn apart by the intensity of the pulling.
Thus the soul of the disbeliever -may Allah protect us from that- scatters in his body; because it is given glad tidings of punishment and fears, and for this reason, some people -may Allah protect us from that- have their faces turn black, whereas their color in life was red, and one whom I trust -and who swore to me more than once- told me, and he is one of those who handle the washing of the dead,He says: By Allah, two cases passed me that I will never forget; I washed two men, with a period of time between them,He says: the face was black like coal -may Allah protect us from that- and the body was normal; because he was given bad news, and when a person is given bad news, he changes.
So in Paradise is what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and what has not occurred to the heart of any human being,And you said: Indeed, a person may perceive it before he dies by what he is given as glad tidings, and it is not hidden from us what came in the Prophetic biography that Anas ibn an-Nadr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: (By Allah, I find the scent of Paradise beyond Uhud) And this does not mean a taste-based perception, but rather a real perception -as Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allah have mercy on him) indicated, that some people may perceive the Hereafter while they are in the worldly life- then Anas set out, fought, and was killed (may Allah be pleased with him), so the result is that in Paradise is what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and what has not occurred to the heart of any human being.
Allah the Exalted said:
But as for he who feared the position of his Lord
وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِand prevented the soul from [unlawful] inclination,
وَنَهَى النَّفْسَ عَنْ الْهَوَىAs for the soul at peace: So in the saying of Allah the Exalted:
(27) [To the righteous it will be said], "O reassured soul, (28) Return to your Lord, well-pleased and pleasing [to Him], (29) And enter among My [righteous] servants (30) And enter My Paradise."
يَا أَيَّتُهَا النَّفْسُ الْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ * ارْجِعِي إِلَى رَبِّكِ رَاضِيَةً مَرْضِيَّةً * فَادْخُلِي فِي عِبَادِي * وَادْخُلِي جَنَّتِيAnd as for the soul that commands evil: So in the saying of Allah the Exalted:
And I do not acquit myself. Indeed, the soul is a persistent enjoiner of evil, except those upon which my Lord has mercy
وَمَا أُبَرِّئُ نَفْسِي إِنَّ النَّفْسَ لَأَمَّارَةٌ بِالسُّوءِ إِلَّا مَا رَحِمَ رَبِّيAnd as for the soul that rebukes: So in the saying of Allah the Exalted:
(1) I swear by the Day of Resurrection (2) And I swear by the reproaching soul [to the certainty of resurrection].
لا أُقْسِمُ بِيَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ * وَلا أُقْسِمُ بِالنَّفْسِ اللَّوَّامَةِAnd the person feels these souls within himself; he sometimes sees in himself an inclination toward good, loving good and doing it, this is the soul at peace, and he sometimes sees in himself an inclination toward evil and does it, this is the soul that commands evil.
Then comes the soul that rebukes, which rebukes him for what he did, so he finds himself regretting the disobedience he committed, or another form of rebuke that rebukes him for the good he did -may Allah protect us from that- for some people rebuke themselves for doing good, and for keeping the company of the people of good,And he says: saying, "How can I keep the company of these people who turn me away from my life, my desires, and my inclinations, and the like."
So the soul that rebukes is a soul that rebukes the soul that commands evil, and sometimes rebukes the soul at peace, so it is in reality a soul between two souls; it rebukes the soul that commands evil when it does evil and makes the person regret it, and it may rebuke the soul at peace when it does good -we ask Allah for well-being-Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says:
and prevented the soul from [unlawful] inclination, (41) Then indeed, Paradise will be [his] refuge.
وَنَهَى النَّفْسَ عَنْ الْهَوَى * فَإِنَّ الْجَنَّةَ هِيَ الْمَأْوَىAnd no soul knows what has been hidden for them of comfort for eyes
فَلا تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مَا أُخْفِيَ لَهُمْ مِنْ قُرَّةِ أَعْيُنٍThis Paradise is perceived by the person before he dies; how is that? When the term of death approaches, the angels call the soul to exit and say: "Come out, O soul at peace, to the pleasure of Allah," and the soul is given glad tidings of Paradise,Allah the Exalted said:
The ones whom the angels take in death, [being] good and pure; [the angels] will say, "Peace be upon you.
الَّذِينَ تَتَوَفَّاهُمُ الْمَلائِكَةُ طَيِّبِينَ يَقُولُونَ سَلامٌ عَلَيْكُمُEnter Paradise for what you used to do."
ادْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَThus the soul of the disbeliever -may Allah protect us from that- scatters in his body; because it is given glad tidings of punishment and fears, and for this reason, some people -may Allah protect us from that- have their faces turn black, whereas their color in life was red, and one whom I trust -and who swore to me more than once- told me, and he is one of those who handle the washing of the dead,He says: By Allah, two cases passed me that I will never forget; I washed two men, with a period of time between them,He says: the face was black like coal -may Allah protect us from that- and the body was normal; because he was given bad news, and when a person is given bad news, he changes.
So in Paradise is what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and what has not occurred to the heart of any human being,And you said: Indeed, a person may perceive it before he dies by what he is given as glad tidings, and it is not hidden from us what came in the Prophetic biography that Anas ibn an-Nadr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: (By Allah, I find the scent of Paradise beyond Uhud) And this does not mean a taste-based perception, but rather a real perception -as Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allah have mercy on him) indicated, that some people may perceive the Hereafter while they are in the worldly life- then Anas set out, fought, and was killed (may Allah be pleased with him), so the result is that in Paradise is what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and what has not occurred to the heart of any human being.