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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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The Obligatory Requirements in the State of Major Ritual Impurity

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The Shaykh : So, what is obligatory in the state of major ritual impurity?
Listen to the words of Allah (Mighty and Majestic):
And if you are in a state of janabah, then purify yourselves وَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ جُنُباً فَاطَّهَّرُوا
[Al-Ma'idah 5:6]
A single word:
then purify yourselves فَاطَّهَّرُوا
The one in a state of major ritual impurity has nothing required of him except to purify himself; he does not have to perform the ablution for prayer. He only has to purify himself, because Allah mentioned the ablution in contrast to the state of minor ritual impurity. For major ritual impurity, only one word was mentioned, which is:
then purify yourselves فَاطَّهَّرُوا
,
then purify yourselves فَاطَّهَّرُوا
So let us ask first: Who is the one in a state of major ritual impurity? The one in a state of major ritual impurity is the one who emitted semen with pleasure, or who had intercourse with his wife, even if he did not emit. This is the one in a state of major ritual impurity. So when a man has intercourse with his wife, he is in a state of major ritual impurity, whether he emitted or not. And whoever emits semen for pleasure is in a state of major ritual impurity, whether he had intercourse or not. Even if a person merely thinks and emits semen, he is in a state of major ritual impurity and it is obligatory for him to perform the full ritual bath. Now, if a person performs the full ritual bath and washes the lower part of his body before the upper part, is it valid? That is, if he started by washing his thighs, legs, and lower abdomen, then poured water over the upper part of his body, is this permissible or not? The answer is that it is valid. Why? Because it is true that he has purified himself. If he covered his entire body with water, he has purified himself. But there is no doubt that the best in the full ritual bath is for a person to do what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did. What did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) do in the full ritual bath? He cleaned his private parts from the traces of major ritual impurity, then he performed the ablution for prayer, a complete ablution with rinsing the mouth and snuffing the nose, washing the face and hands, wiping the head, and washing the feet. Then he poured water over his head three times, then he washed the rest of his body, then he prayed. This is the recommended, desirable manner of the full ritual bath. As for pouring water over the entire body without this order, that is the obligatory full ritual bath, and it is sufficient and adequate. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) once led his companions in prayer, and there was a man who was isolated and had not prayed. The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him:
Come, what prevented you from praying? He said: O Messenger of Allah, I was in a state of major ritual impurity and there was no water. تعال، ما الذي منعك أن تصلي ؟ قال : يا رسول الله. أصابتني جنابة ولا ماء
Sunan al-Bayhaqi 1:967
What is obligatory on him when he is in a state of major ritual impurity? The full ritual bath. He did not have it, and the man did not know that dry ablution with clean earth is sufficient. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him:
Perform Tayammum with clean earth and that will be sufficient for you. عليك بالصعيد فإنه يكفيك
Sahih al-Bukhari 348
He meant by this dry ablution with clean earth.
For it is sufficient for you. فإنه يكفيك
Meaning: from the full ritual bath. It appears that the man performed dry ablution with clean earth and prayed. Then water was brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in a water skin. A water skin is a large container. The people were thirsty, so they drew water and gave it to the mounts to drink, and whoever wanted to perform the ablution for prayer did so. Some water remained, so he gave it to the man and said to him:
Take this and pour it over yourself خذ هذا فأفرغه على نفسك
For what? For the full ritual bath for major ritual impurity. And the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) did not say to him: Perform the ablution for prayer first and pour water over your head three times. He said:
Pour it over yourself. أفرغه على نفسك
This indicates that if a person performs the full ritual bath for major ritual impurity and covers his body with water, it is sufficient for him in any manner. Accordingly, if a person immerses himself in a pond or a pool of water with the intention of performing the full ritual bath for major ritual impurity, then he comes out, rinses his mouth, snuffs the nose, and goes to pray, is it sufficient or not? It is sufficient, because he purified himself, rinsed his mouth, and snuffed the nose, so the state of major ritual impurity is lifted from him.
Source alathar.net

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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