When does a person stop eating during the pre-dawn meal, and what is the ruling if one drinks after the call to prayer intentionally?

The questioner : Regarding the topic of things that break the fast, he says:The questioner : When does a person stop eating? Is it, as they say, when the mu'adhdhin begins the takbir? And what is the ruling if one drinks after the call to prayer intentionally? Is it like drinking after the 'Asr prayer, or does it invalidate the fast? Some people argue that the dawn is not like a light bulb that turns on instantly, and that the matter is broad.

The Shaykh : In any case, we say that if the mu'adhdhin calls the adhan when the dawn has become clear, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: So, if the mu'adhdhin says, "I have seen the dawn, and I do not call the adhan until I see the dawn," then it is obligatory for a person to abstain from the moment he hears the adhan, except in the case where a dispensation has been granted, which is if a vessel is in his hand, he should finish his thirst from it. As for when the adhan is based on the time schedule, the schedule is not actually tied to the apparent, sensory times, but it is calculated. The time schedules we have now, such as the one for Makkah and others, are calculated because they did not observe the dawn, the sun, the zenith, the onset of 'Asr, or the setting of the sun. For this reason, some people, when they see the time and their watch is ahead, call the adhan before the time has entered, based on the estimation by the clock. So much so that last year, or the year before, one of the mu'adhdhins called the adhan for the Maghrib prayer while the sun had not visibly set, and people broke their fast based on his adhan. The same applies to the dawn; some mu'adhdhins—we ask for guidance for ourselves and for them—advance the adhan, they advance the adhan, calling it five minutes or four minutes before the time. Why? They said it is a precaution for fasting so that people would abstain. I have even seen in some calendars that they write the time of abstention and the time of the appearance of dawn. This is an innovation; meaning, advancing the adhan of the dawn as a precaution is an innovation, an excessive strictness in religion, an encroachment on the Shari'ah times, an injustice to people, and misleading them. There are several harms. First: Is the precaution excessive strictness in religion and harshness, or is the precaution in accordance with the Shari'ah? The second is in accordance with the Shari'ah. And since the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: , he does not call the adhan until the dawn appears. Why do we tell people to abstain before the dawn? So the precaution is following the Sunnah. Then, if we assume that this is a precaution for fasting, it is a neglect of prayer, and prayer is more important. Because some people in the houses, such as women and the sick, and others who do not attend the congregation, pray from the moment the adhan is called. If the opening takbir of the prayer occurs before the time, it is not valid. So this would be a neglect of prayer, and prayer is more emphasized than fasting. Fasting is more emphasized than fasting. And it is amazing that we hear that some people fast but do not pray. Do you think their fast is accepted? Why? The one who does not pray is a disbeliever. If he fasts, it is not accepted from him. So prayer is more important than fasting. Therefore, our precaution for prayer is preferable to our precaution for fasting. We wait until the last of the adhan, until you see the dawn. If he says, "By Allah, the lights, we do not see the dawn," we say this is correct, but it is possible to ask those who are far from the lights: When does the dawn appear? And you estimate. And if the dawn in such days differs, in these days, does it advance or delay? It advances. In our days, everything advances. Why? Because the night is shortening.