Is tayammum with the intention of ghusl from menstruation or major ritual impurity the same as tayammum for wudu'? If there are any additions or clarifications, please explain them.
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The questioner : The questioner from Libya asks: Is tayammum with the intention of ghusl from menstruation or major ritual impurity the same as tayammum for wudu'? If there are any additions or clarifications, please explain them. May Allah reward you.
The Shaykh : Tayammum does not differ between minor and major ritual impurity. So, tayammum for major ritual impurity or for the ghusl of menstruation is like tayammum for urination, defecation, and passing wind. The evidence for this is the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:[Al-Ma'idah 5:6] This is from the Qur'an.
And from the Sunnah is the hadith of 'Amir ibn Yasir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent him on an errand, and he became in a state of major ritual impurity but did not find water. He said: "So I rolled in the dust as a beast rolls" Then I came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and mentioned that to him. He said: "It was sufficient for you to say with your hands like this," and he struck the ground with his hand once, then wiped his face and his palms, the outer with the inner.
So, tayammum for major ritual impurity and for the ghusl of menstruation is like tayammum for minor ritual impurity. The stronger opinion among the scholars is that tayammum removes the state of ritual impurity as long as one does not find water or is not cured from the illness for which he performed tayammum.
Accordingly, if a person performs tayammum for the Fajr prayer and remains in a state of purity, not breaking it by urination, defecation, passing wind, or anything else that breaks wudu', until the time for the Zuhr prayer arrives, he prays Zuhr with his tayammum for Fajr. Likewise, if he continues until 'Asr, he prays 'Asr. And if a person performs tayammum for a voluntary prayer, he prays an obligatory prayer with it, just as if he performed tayammum for the Duha prayer and remained in a state of purity until the time for Zuhr arrived, and he prays Zuhr with the tayammum he performed for the Duha prayer. Then his Zuhr prayer is valid, because the ruling of tayammum is the same as the ruling of water purity, exactly the same, as long as he does not find water or is not cured from his illness, if his tayammum was for the illness.
And if he becomes in a state of major ritual impurity and performs tayammum for it, then his wudu' is broken and he wants to pray, he does not repeat the tayammum for major ritual impurity, but rather he performs tayammum for the minor ritual impurity, because the major ritual impurity was removed by the first tayammum.
But if he finds water, he must perform ghusl, because the removal of the state of ritual impurity by tayammum is temporary. The evidence for this is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed one day and saw a man separated from the group who had not prayed with them. He asked him, and he said: "O Messenger of Allah, I became in a state of major ritual impurity and there was no water." He said:Sahih al-Bukhari 348 And at that time there was no water. Then water came, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered him to perform ghusl. This indicates that tayammum removes major ritual impurity, but it is a temporary removal. If water is found, he must perform ghusl. The evidence for this is also that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Sunan an-Nasa'i 322Hasan (Darussalam) Yes.
The questioner : May Allah reward you for this explanation, O honorable Shaykh.
The Shaykh : Tayammum does not differ between minor and major ritual impurity. So, tayammum for major ritual impurity or for the ghusl of menstruation is like tayammum for urination, defecation, and passing wind. The evidence for this is the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:
And if you are in a state of janabah, then purify yourselves. But if you are ill or on a journey or one of you comes from the place of relieving himself or you have contacted women and do not find water, then seek clean earth and wipe over your faces and hands with it.
وَإِن كُنتُم جُنُبًا فَاطَّهَّروا وَإِن كُنتُم مَرضى أَو عَلى سَفَرٍ أَو جاءَ أَحَدٌ مِنكُم مِنَ الغائِطِ أَو لامَستُمُ النِّساءَ فَلَم تَجِدوا ماءً فَتَيَمَّموا صَعيدًا طَيِّبًا فَامسَحوا بِوُجوهِكُم وَأَيديكُم مِنهُAnd from the Sunnah is the hadith of 'Amir ibn Yasir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent him on an errand, and he became in a state of major ritual impurity but did not find water. He said: "So I rolled in the dust as a beast rolls" Then I came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and mentioned that to him. He said: "It was sufficient for you to say with your hands like this," and he struck the ground with his hand once, then wiped his face and his palms, the outer with the inner.
So, tayammum for major ritual impurity and for the ghusl of menstruation is like tayammum for minor ritual impurity. The stronger opinion among the scholars is that tayammum removes the state of ritual impurity as long as one does not find water or is not cured from the illness for which he performed tayammum.
Accordingly, if a person performs tayammum for the Fajr prayer and remains in a state of purity, not breaking it by urination, defecation, passing wind, or anything else that breaks wudu', until the time for the Zuhr prayer arrives, he prays Zuhr with his tayammum for Fajr. Likewise, if he continues until 'Asr, he prays 'Asr. And if a person performs tayammum for a voluntary prayer, he prays an obligatory prayer with it, just as if he performed tayammum for the Duha prayer and remained in a state of purity until the time for Zuhr arrived, and he prays Zuhr with the tayammum he performed for the Duha prayer. Then his Zuhr prayer is valid, because the ruling of tayammum is the same as the ruling of water purity, exactly the same, as long as he does not find water or is not cured from his illness, if his tayammum was for the illness.
And if he becomes in a state of major ritual impurity and performs tayammum for it, then his wudu' is broken and he wants to pray, he does not repeat the tayammum for major ritual impurity, but rather he performs tayammum for the minor ritual impurity, because the major ritual impurity was removed by the first tayammum.
But if he finds water, he must perform ghusl, because the removal of the state of ritual impurity by tayammum is temporary. The evidence for this is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed one day and saw a man separated from the group who had not prayed with them. He asked him, and he said: "O Messenger of Allah, I became in a state of major ritual impurity and there was no water." He said:
Perform Tayammum with clean earth and that will be sufficient for you.
عليك بالصعيد فإنه يكفيكClean earth is the Wudu' of the Muslim, even if he does not find water for ten years
الصعيد الطيب وضوء المسلم وإن لم يجد الماء عشر سنين فإذا وجده فليتقي الله وليُمسّه بشرتهThe questioner : May Allah reward you for this explanation, O honorable Shaykh.