Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: [And the morning brightness, and the night when it becomes still].
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The Shaykh : Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and I send prayers and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and his Companions, and upon those who follow them with excellence until the Day of Judgment:
As for what follows: We are opening our meeting after the month of Ramadan, on this Thursday, the twenty-third of Shawwal in the year 1413, and we ask Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, to make these meetings beneficial.
Previously, we used to start the meeting at ten o'clock, but the engagements have become numerous, so we decided to start at eleven o'clock, and there is blessing in the hour, if Allah wills.
We have chosen to begin the meeting with the exegesis of verses from the Book of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, and then to answer the questions.
Today we are discussing the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:[Ad-Duhaa 93:2-5]: This surah and the one after it are all about the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and what Allah bestowed upon him of blessings and miracles. So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, swore by the morning brightness and by the night; the morning brightness is what provides the light of the day.
[Ad-Duhaa 93:2] meaning: when it covers the earth and it becomes dark after this light.
Light and darkness are two opposing things, and they—knowledge is with Allah—represent the state of people before the sending of the Messenger (peace be upon him) and after his sending, before his sending and after his sending. So people before the sending were in darkness, ignorance, oppression, and aggression, and after Allah sent Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), they were upon light and guidance.
Then Allah, the Exalted, explained what He swore by in His saying:[Ad-Duhaa 93:3] meaning: He has not forsaken you or neglected you, and He has not hated you. Rather, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was one of the two intimate friends who were distinguished by this great attribute among the attributes of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, which is intimacy (khalilah). Intimacy is the highest type of love, and none of the servants of Allah is an intimate friend of Allah except Ibrahim and Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon them both), as the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Al-Mustadrak lil-Hakim 26:27.
And His saying: meaning: He has not hated you. So He has not forsaken you nor hated you; rather, He, Glorified and Exalted is He, has taken care of him, protected him, and loved him.
Then Allah explained to His Messenger that the Hereafter is better for him than the first life, for the Hereafter and what is in it of pleasure is not matched by anything of the blessings, no matter what it is. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1664Sahih (Darussalam).
Then He, Glorified and Exalted is He, promised him with this great promise and good news:
[Ad-Duhaa 93:5] So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, gave him of victory in this world, and of honor and elevation over his enemy, what he (peace and blessings be upon him) was pleased with, and He will also give him in the Hereafter what is greater, for in the Hereafter Allah will raise him to a praiseworthy station, where he will intercede for the creatures, and Allah, Mighty and Majestic, will give him the Intercession (al-Wasilah), which is a rank in Paradise that no servant of Allah attains except the Messenger (peace be upon him).
Then Allah, the Exalted, reminded him of the blessings, and He said:[Ad-Duhaa 93:6] The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was born an orphan with no father, and his mother also died, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) remained alone in the care of his grandfather, then his grandfather died, then his uncle Abu Talib took him in. So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, created him an orphan, but He sheltered him, supported him, and aided him, and He made it easy for him among His servants what brings about the blessing and protection.
[Ad-Duhaa 93:7]: The Messenger (peace be upon him) did not know anything of knowledge before Allah sent him. Allah, the Exalted, said: [Ash-Shuraa 42:52], and Allah, the Exalted, said: [An-Nisa 4:113], so the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) before revelation was revealed to him did not have any of the knowledge that Allah revealed to him. For this reason he said: [Ad-Duhaa 93:7].
And here He said: and He did not say: "So He guided you," because Allah guided him and guided through him.
[Ad-Duhaa 93:8] meaning: poor, so Allah, the Exalted, enriched him and enriched through him (peace and blessings be upon him), and that is by what Allah made lawful for him of war spoils that he takes from his enemies.
[Ad-Duhaa 93:9-11] meaning: remember your orphanhood, so treat the orphan with gentleness and tenderness, and do not oppress him except if his oppression is in a matter that is in his interest, for this is not oppression in reality, even if it is apparent oppression, but it is for a great benefit for this orphan.
[Ad-Duhaa 93:10] The questioner : The one who asks about knowledge, andThe questioner : the one who asks for money, do not repel him, even if he speaks harshly to you, do not repel him, and treat him with softness, gentleness, and acceptance of what he asks for, and if he is in error, you can advise him after you give him what he asked for.
[Ad-Duhaa 93:11] which is what Allah bestowed upon him of the clear revelation and guidance, and what He instilled in him of noble morals and good worship. Speak of it, but speak as one who acknowledges the blessings of Allah, not as one who boasts over the servants of Allah.
We ask Allah for you and for us success and guidance to what He loves and is pleased with, for He is Able to do all things.
And now, with the questions.
As for what follows: We are opening our meeting after the month of Ramadan, on this Thursday, the twenty-third of Shawwal in the year 1413, and we ask Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, to make these meetings beneficial.
Previously, we used to start the meeting at ten o'clock, but the engagements have become numerous, so we decided to start at eleven o'clock, and there is blessing in the hour, if Allah wills.
We have chosen to begin the meeting with the exegesis of verses from the Book of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, and then to answer the questions.
Today we are discussing the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:
(2) And [by] the night when it covers with darkness, (3) Your Lord has not taken leave of you, [O Muhammad], nor has He detested [you]. (4) And the Hereafter is better for you than the first [life]. (5) And your Lord is going to give you, and you will be satisfied.
وَالضُّحَى * وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجَى * مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلَى * وَلَلآخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنْ الأُولَى * وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضَىAnd [by] the night when it covers with darkness,
وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجَىLight and darkness are two opposing things, and they—knowledge is with Allah—represent the state of people before the sending of the Messenger (peace be upon him) and after his sending, before his sending and after his sending. So people before the sending were in darkness, ignorance, oppression, and aggression, and after Allah sent Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), they were upon light and guidance.
Then Allah, the Exalted, explained what He swore by in His saying:
Your Lord has not taken leave of you, [O Muhammad], nor has He detested [you].
مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلَىIndeed, Allah has taken me as a close friend, just as He took Ibrahim as a close friend.
إن الله اتخذني خليلاً كما اتخذ إبراهيم خليلاًAnd His saying:
Nor has He hated you.
وَمَا قَلَىThen Allah explained to His Messenger that the Hereafter is better for him than the first life, for the Hereafter and what is in it of pleasure is not matched by anything of the blessings, no matter what it is. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
And the space occupied by the whip of one of you in Paradise is better than the world and what is on it.
لموضع سوط أحدكم في الجنة خير من الدنيا وما فيهاThen He, Glorified and Exalted is He, promised him with this great promise and good news:
And your Lord is going to give you, and you will be satisfied.
وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضَىThen Allah, the Exalted, reminded him of the blessings, and He said:
Did He not find you an orphan and give [you] refuge?
أَلَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيماً فَآوَىAnd He found you lost and guided [you],
وَوَجَدَكَ ضَالاًّ فَهَدَىAnd thus We have revealed to you an inspiration of Our command. You did not know what is the Book or [what is] faith
وَكَذَلِكَ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ رُوحاً مِنْ أَمْرِنَا مَا كُنْتَ تَدْرِي مَا الْكِتَابُ وَلا الْأِيمَانُand has taught you that which you did not know. And ever has the favor of Allah upon you been great.
وَعَلَّمَكَ مَا لَمْ تَكُنْ تَعْلَمُ وَكَانَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكَ عَظِيماًAnd He found you lost and guided [you],
وَوَجَدَكَ ضَالاًّ فَهَدَىAnd here He said:
So He guided you
فهدىAnd He found you poor and made [you] self-sufficient.
وَوَجَدَكَ عَائِلاً فَأَغْنَى(9) So as for the orphan, do not oppress [him]. (10) And as for the petitioner, do not repel [him]. (11) But as for the favor of your Lord, report [it].
فَأَمَّا الْيَتِيمَ فَلا تَقْهَرْ * وَأَمَّا السَّائِلَ فَلا تَنْهَرْ * وَأَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْAnd as for the petitioner, do not repel [him].
وَأَمَّا السَّائِلَ فَلا تَنْهَرْBut as for the favor of your Lord, report [it].
وَأَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْWe ask Allah for you and for us success and guidance to what He loves and is pleased with, for He is Able to do all things.
And now, with the questions.