Explanation of the Book of the Adhan-03b

The reader: Adam narrated to us, saying: Ibn Abi Dhawd narrated to us, saying: Al-Zuhri narrated to us from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib from Abu Hurayrah from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). And Al-Zuhri narrated from Abu Salama from Abu Hurayrah from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said:

The Shaykh : Yes, when you hear the iqamah, meaning the iqamah for the prayer. This indicates that the iqamah is heard from outside the mosque, because he is addressing those who were not in the mosque. His saying, "Do not hurry," is a command for calmness and composure and a prohibition against rushing. This is like an explanation of his saying, "Proceed with calmness and composure." Then he said, "Whatever you catch, pray, and whatever you miss, complete." What did you catch?
The student: From the prayer.

The Shaykh : From the prayer. So pray, and whatever you miss, complete. It is derived from this hadith that if a person arrives and the imam is in a certain state, he should do as the imam does. This was reported as marfu' (traced to the Prophet), but it is from Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), but with a weak chain. This hadith is corroborated by "Whatever you catch, pray." If a person arrives and the imam is prostrating, he should enter with him. He should not say, "Wait until he stands up," as some of the common people do. Rather, he should prostrate, even if he does not catch the rak'ah with that prostration. Among the benefits of this hadith is that what the masbuq (one who joins the prayer late) makes up is the end of his prayer, based on his saying, "Complete." Completion is the end of a thing. This opinion is the stronger position (rajih) that what the masbuq makes up is the beginning of his prayer. Based on this, he does not add to it beyond reciting al-Fatihah.
The student: The end of the prayer, it is the end of it.

The Shaykh : The end of it. What he makes up is the end of his prayer. Based on this, he does not add to it beyond al-Fatihah. If he catches one rak'ah of Maghrib, he recites the tashahhud after the first rak'ah that he makes up. Some scholars said that what the masbuq makes up is the beginning of his prayer, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the other wording: . Making up (qada') is only for something prior that is made up. But this opinion is weak. The meaning of making up in the other wording is completion, like the saying of Allah the Exalted: And because we agree that if a person catches one rak'ah of Maghrib and stands to make it up, when does he recite the tashahhud? After the first rak'ah that he makes up. If we said that he only makes it up as the beginning of his prayer, he would not recite the tashahhud until after the two rak'ahs. But according to the opinion that what he makes up is the end of his prayer, some of those who hold this opinion said that he recites al-Fatihah and a surah, because the surah was missed by him, so he makes it up. But the correct view is the opposite, that he does not recite a surah, but restricts himself to al-Fatihah, because this is what is prescribed (mashru') in the end of the prayer. Does he recite aloud if it is a prayer of loud recitation? He should look: if he is making up what involves loud recitation, he may recite aloud, though it is better that he not recite aloud so as not to disturb the people. And if what is made up is the last two rak'ahs and the last rak'ah of Maghrib, he does not recite aloud. It is understood from this hadith that if a person volunteers in this state and finds the imam entering the prayer, his voluntary prayer is not accepted, based on his saying, "So whatever you catch, pray." This is corroborated by the hadith of Abu Hurayrah: , which Muslim narrated, and it is marfu'. Yes, yes, 'Abd.