Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: ((Or like a rain from the sky, in which are darknesses, thunder, and lightning)) and mentioning the second example that Allah struck for the hypocrites.

As for the second example, Allah the Exalted said: Here, "or" is for variation, not for doubt, because Allah the Exalted is All-Knowing of everything, so doubt does not enter into His report; therefore, it is for variation. Is this type another example that applies to the people of the first example? Or is it an example for other categories of hypocrites? There are two opinions among the scholars: some said that the state of the hypocrites resembles the first example and resembles the second example, and some said that for each example there is a group of these hypocrites. After we explain this example, if Allah wills, it will become clear which of the two opinions is more correct. His saying: It was said that there is an omitted part, and the intended meaning is: "Like the people of a rain," based on His saying: meaning they put the people of this rain their fingers in their ears. It was also said that it does not need this intended meaning, but rather Allah the Exalted struck the example with the rain itself. The rain is the rain (precipitation), and it was named so because it descends, and everything that descends is called a rain. Its origin is from *saba* (to descend), so we find now that one of the yaa's is inverted from a waw. Which one? The first yaa or the second? Its origin is *suyub*, so it is the second one, but the waw and the yaa came together in a word, and one of them was preceded by a sukun, so the second was inverted to a yaa and assimilated into the first yaa. This is a morphological rule that perhaps one who does not know morphology does not know, but this rule is morphological: if the waw and the yaa come together in a word and one of them is preceded by a sukun, it is obligatory to invert the waw to a yaa and then assimilate it with the existing yaa. His saying: This is an explanation of the reality and not a condition that excludes what contradicts the explicit wording, and that is because the rain must be from the sky, because we said that it is the descending thing, the descending thing which is the rain. The benefit of mentioning it is explaining the reality from one aspect, and explaining that this rain is great, because what descends from the sky frightens more than what flows on the earth, because what flows on the earth one can escape from, but what descends from the sky one cannot escape from. "Darknesses" is the plural of darkness. So what are these darknesses? The darknesses: the darkness of the night, this is one; the second: the darkness of the clouds; the third: the darkness of the rain, which is the precipitation, for it causes darkness within it. And it is the sound heard from the clouds. And it is the light or brightness seen in the clouds. The lightning precedes the thunder, because the thunder is delayed by the distance between it and the earth, and sound is slower in speed than light, because light is perceived by the eye and sound is perceived by the ear.