What is the ruling on jihad in our time? And what is the ruling on one who goes without his parents' permission?
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The questioner : His EminenceThe Shaykh : What is the ruling on jihad in this time, and what is the ruling on one who goes to fight in jihad without his parents' permission?
The Shaykh : May Allah reward you. Jihad is ongoing and will continue until the Day of Resurrection. In its original state, it is a collective obligation (fard kifayah). If a sufficient number of people perform it, the obligation falls off the rest. However, the scholars said that it becomes an individual obligation (fard 'ayn) in four situations:
The first situation: when the battle is present and the two lines meet, it is obligatory for him to remain, and fleeing is not permissible. This is based on the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:[Al-Anfal 8:15-16] And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) reported: meaning: the things that lead to destruction.
The second: when the imam calls him to mobilize, saying, "Mobilize for jihad," it is obligatory for him to mobilize. This is based on the saying of Allah, the Exalted:[At-Tawbah 9:38-39].
The third: when a man is needed for it, meaning: the people need him in this expedition, then it is obligatory for him. For example, if he has a weapon that no one else has trained on, and this warrior is trained on it, then it is obligatory for him to go out, because it has become an individual obligation (fard 'ayn) for him.
The fourth: defensive fighting. If the enemy besieges his land, it is obligatory for him to fight, because if he does not do so, the enemy will occupy his land, and there will result from that harms whose consequences are not to be praised.
In these four situations, jihad is an individual obligation (fard 'ayn). Anything other than that is a collective obligation (fard kifayah).
The questioner : [Regarding] the one who fights without his parents' permission?
The Shaykh : As for fighting without the permission of the parents, it is not permissible, except if it is an individual obligation (fard 'ayn). You have learned the situations in which it becomes an individual obligation (fard 'ayn). If it is one of these situations, it is obligatory for him to fight in jihad, even if his father or his mother forbids him.
And with this, this meeting ends, because the time has ended, and my brother Musa is indicating to us that the meeting has concluded. So, until a future meeting, if Allah wills, in the second week.
And all praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds. And may peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions. And we ask Allah to reward you for your attendance, for whoever walks a path seeking knowledge therein.
The Shaykh : May Allah reward you. Jihad is ongoing and will continue until the Day of Resurrection. In its original state, it is a collective obligation (fard kifayah). If a sufficient number of people perform it, the obligation falls off the rest. However, the scholars said that it becomes an individual obligation (fard 'ayn) in four situations:
The first situation: when the battle is present and the two lines meet, it is obligatory for him to remain, and fleeing is not permissible. This is based on the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:
(15) O you who have believed, when you meet those who disbelieve advancing [for battle], do not turn to them your backs [in flight]. (16) And whoever turns his back to them on such a day, unless swerving [as a strategy] for war or joining [another] company, has certainly returned with anger [upon him] from Allah
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا لَقِيتُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا زَحْفاً فَلا تُوَلُّوهُمُ الْأَدْبَارَ * وَمَنْ يُوَلِّهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ دُبُرَهُ إِلَّا مُتَحَرِّفاً لِقِتَالٍ أَوْ مُتَحَيِّزاً إِلَى فِئَةٍ فَقَدْ بَاءَ بِغَضَبٍ مِنَ اللَّهِThat turning one's back on the day of battle is among the things that lead to destruction.
أن التولي يوم الزحف من الموبقاتThe second: when the imam calls him to mobilize, saying, "Mobilize for jihad," it is obligatory for him to mobilize. This is based on the saying of Allah, the Exalted:
(38) O you who have believed, what is [the matter] with you that, when you are told to go forth in the cause of Allah, you adhere heavily to the earth? Are you satisfied with the life of this world rather than the Hereafter? But what is the enjoyment of worldly life compared to the Hereafter except a [very] little. (39) If you do not go forth, He will punish you with a painful punishment and will replace you with another people, and you will not harm Him at all. And Allah is over all things competent.
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَا لَكُمْ إِذَا قِيلَ لَكُمُ انْفِرُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ اثَّاقَلْتُمْ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ أَرَضِيتُمْ بِالْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا مِنَ الْآخِرَةِ فَمَا مَتَاعُ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا فِي الْآخِرَةِ إِلَّا قَلِيلٌ * إِلاّ تَنْفِرُوا يُعَذِّبْكُمْ عَذَاباً أَلِيماً وَيَسْتَبْدِلْ قَوْماً غَيْرَكُمْ وَلا تَضُرُّوهُ شَيْئاً وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌThe third: when a man is needed for it, meaning: the people need him in this expedition, then it is obligatory for him. For example, if he has a weapon that no one else has trained on, and this warrior is trained on it, then it is obligatory for him to go out, because it has become an individual obligation (fard 'ayn) for him.
The fourth: defensive fighting. If the enemy besieges his land, it is obligatory for him to fight, because if he does not do so, the enemy will occupy his land, and there will result from that harms whose consequences are not to be praised.
In these four situations, jihad is an individual obligation (fard 'ayn). Anything other than that is a collective obligation (fard kifayah).
The questioner : [Regarding] the one who fights without his parents' permission?
The Shaykh : As for fighting without the permission of the parents, it is not permissible, except if it is an individual obligation (fard 'ayn). You have learned the situations in which it becomes an individual obligation (fard 'ayn). If it is one of these situations, it is obligatory for him to fight in jihad, even if his father or his mother forbids him.
And with this, this meeting ends, because the time has ended, and my brother Musa is indicating to us that the meeting has concluded. So, until a future meeting, if Allah wills, in the second week.
And all praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds. And may peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions. And we ask Allah to reward you for your attendance, for whoever walks a path seeking knowledge therein.