Explanation of the Book of Foods-06b
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The reciter: Abdullah ibn Yazid narrated to us, and Haywah narrated to us, saying: Rabi'ah ibn Yazid al-Dimashqi informed me from Abu Daris from Abu Thalhah al-Khushani, who said: Mishkat al-Masabih 4066
The Shaykh : This hadith contains a detailed breakdown, both in the question and in the answer. He first asked about eating from their vessels, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Mishkat al-Masabih 4066 This is because a Muslim should keep a complete distance from the disbelievers and their vessels, so that the impure is distinguished from the pure. He should not eat with them or from their vessels unless necessity calls for it. In that case, he should wash them. Is it obligatory or recommended? It is recommended, unless he knows that there is something ritually impure in them, in which case he must wash them. We say this because this washing is not for ritual impurity; if it were for ritual impurity, it would be permissible to wash them even if other vessels were available. But it is from the perspective of strong disavowal of them. It is as if he is saying, "I will not prepare my food in a vessel in which you prepared your food except after washing it." As for the bow, he mentioned that it is necessary to mention the name of Allah upon it. He said: Sahih al-Bukhari 5478 Upon it, upon the bow or upon the prey? Upon the prey. How?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : It is upon the prey. You mention the name of Allah upon the prey. There is another wording: "upon it" means upon the prey, not upon the bow. Because a person might prepare the bow before seeing the prey. So even if he mentions the name when preparing the bow, and then when he sees the prey he shoots it, it does not suffice. The mention of the name must be upon the prey at the time of the act. As for the dog, he said:Sahih al-Bukhari 5478 And what is a trained dog? The scholars said: A trained dog is one that runs when sent, stops when called, and does not eat when it catches the prey. Three conditions: it runs when sent, it stops when called, and the third is that it does not eat when it catches the prey. If it does not run when sent, meaning you released it upon the prey but it is not in its mind; it is sitting eating its food and scratching itself, the important thing is that it is not concerned. Releasing it does not suffice. When it feels comfortable and sees the prey, it runs and hunts it. We say this one did not run. Likewise, if you sent it and it ran, and then you called for it but it did not care about you and hunted, it is not permissible. Why? Because it hunted for itself. If it were hunting for you, it would stop and return when you called it. If it catches the prey, it does not eat. Likewise, if it eats, you do not eat from it, because it caught it for itself. The apparent meaning of this statement is that there is no difference between whether it is hungry or not. In fact, if it is hungry, we might say it is closer to being a hunter for itself rather than for its owner. And on this basis, if it eats, it is not eaten from, because it only caught it for itself. So what is the training of the dog by? Three things. Adam, what are they?
The student: If it catches the prey, it does not eat, and if it runs, it comes.
The Shaykh : No, if you send it, it runs. Yes. And if you call it, it stops. Good. And the name is necessary. He said:Sunan an-Nasa'i 4265Sahih (Darussalam) So the mention of the name is necessary. Yes.
Abu Tha'laba al-Khushani told that he said, “Prophet of God, we are in a land belonging to folk who are people of the Book, so may we eat out of their vessels? In a hunting region I hunt with my bow, my dog which is not trained and my dog which is trained, so what is right for me?” He replied, “Regarding what you have mentioned about the vessels of the people of the Book, if you can get anything else do not eat out of them, but if you cannot, wash them and eat out of them. Eat what you catch with your bow when you have mentioned God’s name; eat what you catch by your trained dog when you have mentioned God’s name; and eat what you catch by your untrained dog when you are present at the kill.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
قلت يا نبي الله إنا بأرض قوم من أهل الكتاب أفنأكل في آنيتهم وبأرض صيد أصيد بقوسي وبكلبي الذي ليس بمعلم وبكلبي المعلم فما يصلح لي قال : أما ما ذكرت من أهل الكتاب فإن وجدتم غيرها فلا تأكلوا فيها وإن لم تجدوا فاغسلوها وكلوا فيها وما صدت بقوسك فذكرت اسم الله فكل وما صدت بكلبك المعلم فذكرت اسم الله فكل وما صدت بكلبك غير معلم فأدركت ذكاته فكلThe Shaykh : This hadith contains a detailed breakdown, both in the question and in the answer. He first asked about eating from their vessels, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
if you can get anything else do not eat out of them, but if you cannot, wash them and eat out of them
إن وجدتم غيرها فلا تأكلوا فيها وإن لم تجدوا غيرها فاغسلوها وكلوا فيهاIf you hunt an animal with your bow after mentioning Allah's Name, eat of it.
وما صدت بقوسك فذكرت اسم الله عليه فكلThe student: ...
The Shaykh : It is upon the prey. You mention the name of Allah upon the prey. There is another wording: "upon it" means upon the prey, not upon the bow. Because a person might prepare the bow before seeing the prey. So even if he mentions the name when preparing the bow, and then when he sees the prey he shoots it, it does not suffice. The mention of the name must be upon the prey at the time of the act. As for the dog, he said:
and if you hunt something with your trained hound after mentioning Allah's Name, eat of it
ما صدت بكلبك المعلم فذكرت اسم الله عليه فكلThe student: If it catches the prey, it does not eat, and if it runs, it comes.
The Shaykh : No, if you send it, it runs. Yes. And if you call it, it stops. Good. And the name is necessary. He said: