Explanation of the Book of Inheritance, Fixed Punishments, and Blood Money-01b
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The reader: Yahya ibn Bukayr narrated to us, al-Layth narrated to us from 'Aqil from Ibn Shihab, who said: Malik ibn Aws ibn al-Hadhdhan informed me, and Muhammad ibn Jubayr ibn Muttam had mentioned to me some of that narration: .
The Shaykh :"singled out His Messenger in this war booty". In your version: "for His Messenger"?
The reader: ...
The Shaykh : A second copy, then.
The reader: "Indeed, Allah had singled out for His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) in this war booty something He did not give to anyone else. He said, the Exalted: to His saying So it was exclusive to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). By Allah, I did not hoard it from you nor prefer it over you. I gave it to you and distributed it among you until this money remained from it. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would spend from this money on his family for his year's expenses, then he would take what remained and place it in the place of Allah's money. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) acted thus his whole life. I invoke you by Allah, do you know that? They said: Yes. Then he said to 'Ali and 'Abbas: I invoke you two by Allah, do you two know that? They said: Yes. So Allah took His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Abu Bakr said: I am the guardian of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). So he took it and acted as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had acted. Then Allah took Abu Bakr, and I said: I am the guardian of the guardian of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). So I took it for two years, acting in it as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and Abu Bakr had acted. Then you came to me, your word was one and your command was united. You came to me asking for your share from your nephew. And this one came to me asking for his wife's share from her father. I said: If you wish, I will give it to you on that condition, and you seek from me a judgment other than that? By Allah, by Whom the heavens and the earth stand, I will not judge in it with a judgment other than that until the Hour stands. If you are unable, then give it to me, and I will suffice you of it".
The Shaykh : (may Allah be pleased with him). This indicates the humility of 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and that it is befitting for a person, if he is above others, to speak to them with persuasion so that they may be reassured. Otherwise, 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) could have said: "I will not judge in it with the judgment of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), the judgment of whom? And the judgment of Abu Bakr," and it would have ended. But the fact that he invoked these people who came to him in his house, and then invoked 'Abbas and 'Ali in this, indicates his humility, and that a person, even if he is great among his people, should speak to them with persuasion. Because when a person is convinced of something, his soul is pleased and submission becomes easy for him. But if he is forced to execute it, thinking it is necessary, he may execute it out of ignorance, or he may argue and rebel and not execute it.
In the end, 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) offered them that he would give them the money and they could dispose of it as they wished, and that if they were unable to do so, they would not take it afterwards. It appears that they were convinced after this offer; they were convinced and did not say anything.
Read for us the explanation of this last sentence.
So I went until I entered upon him and asked him. He said: I went until I entered upon 'Umar. His doorkeeper, Yara, came to him and said: Do you have a matter regarding Uthman, 'Abd al-Rahman, al-Zubayr, and Sa'd? He said: Yes. So he gave them permission to enter. Then he said: Do you have a matter regarding 'Ali, and 'Abbas? He said: Yes. 'Abbas said: O Commander of the Faithful, judge between me and this man. He said: I invoke you by Allah, by Whom the heavens and the earth stand, do you know that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "We do not leave an inheritance; what we leave is charity," meaning the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) himself? The group said: He did say that. So he turned to 'Ali and 'Abbas, and said: Do you two know that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said that? They said: He did say that. 'Umar said: So I will inform you about this matter. Indeed, Allah had singled out for His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him)
فانطلقت حتى دخلت عليه فسألته فقال : انطلقت حتى أدخل على عمر، فأتاه حاجبه يرفأ فقال : هل لك في عثمان، وعبد الرحمن، والزبير، وسعد ؟ قال : نعم، فأذن لهم، ثم قال : هل لك في علي، وعباس ؟ قال : نعم، قال عباس : يا أمير المؤمنين اقض بيني وبين هذا، قال : أنشدكم بالله الذي بإذنه تقوم السماء والأرض، هل تعلمون أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال : لا نورث ما تركنا صدقة ، يريد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم نفسه، فقال الرهط : قد قال ذلك، فأقبل على علي وعباس، فقال : هل تعلمان أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال ذلك ؟ قالا : قد قال ذلك . قال عمر : فإني أحدثكم عن هذا الأمر ، إن الله قد كان خص لرسوله صلى الله عليه وسلمThe Shaykh :"singled out His Messenger in this war booty". In your version: "for His Messenger"?
The reader: ...
The Shaykh : A second copy, then.
The reader: "Indeed, Allah had singled out for His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) in this war booty something He did not give to anyone else. He said, the Exalted:
What Allah has bestowed as war booty upon His Messenger
ما أفاء الله على رسولهthe All-Mighty
قديرThe Shaykh : (may Allah be pleased with him). This indicates the humility of 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and that it is befitting for a person, if he is above others, to speak to them with persuasion so that they may be reassured. Otherwise, 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) could have said: "I will not judge in it with the judgment of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), the judgment of whom? And the judgment of Abu Bakr," and it would have ended. But the fact that he invoked these people who came to him in his house, and then invoked 'Abbas and 'Ali in this, indicates his humility, and that a person, even if he is great among his people, should speak to them with persuasion. Because when a person is convinced of something, his soul is pleased and submission becomes easy for him. But if he is forced to execute it, thinking it is necessary, he may execute it out of ignorance, or he may argue and rebel and not execute it.
In the end, 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) offered them that he would give them the money and they could dispose of it as they wished, and that if they were unable to do so, they would not take it afterwards. It appears that they were convinced after this offer; they were convinced and did not say anything.
Read for us the explanation of this last sentence.