Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: “And when the eyes turned wild and the hearts reached their throats, and you supposed about Allah various suppositions”

He, the Mighty and Majestic, says: The word *zagh* means to deviate or turn aside. From this comes the phrase "the sun deviated," meaning it turned aside as it set. Likewise, His saying, the Exalted: meaning what turned away here for the covenant, meaning what covenant is it? The mental one. That is, the eyes turned away from you. The author says in his interpretation of it"It turned away from everything toward its enemy from every direction"meaning the eyes did not look at anything except this enemy; they neglected looking at everything else except this enemy. Some of the exegetes interpreted it to mean that they turned away from their stability, i.e., they stared fixedly due to the intensity of the terror. The person no longer looks at anything except what is in front of him; he watches it and fears it. This is something observed in human nature: when a person fears something, his gaze turns to what? To that thing, to its direction. You find that the eye, as the common people say, never blinks; it remains open, fearing a sudden attack. So the eyes turned away, meaning from you, your hearts... meaning they deviated from their stability, i.e., they became fixed in place due to the intensity of the terror. The person no longer looks at anything except what is in front of him; he watches it and fears it. This is something observed in human nature: when a person fears something, where does his gaze turn? To that thing, to its direction. You find that the gaze, as the common people say, never blinks; it remains open, fearing a sudden attack. So the eyes deviated. meaning from you, your hearts. the plural of *hanjirah*, which is the end of the windpipe, and his saying"from the intensity of fear"the explanation for his statement: and the plural of *hanjirah*, which is the end of the windpipe, meaning from here. Is this a literal fact? Some said that it is a literal fact, and that when a person’s fear becomes intense, his lungs swell. When they swell, they constrict the heart, and its exit rises. This is why it is said of a coward or a fearful person that his *sahar*—meaning his lungs—has swollen. The principle is to take a thing in its literal sense. It is also possible that this is a depiction of the intensity of terror, meaning that the hearts, from the sheer force of terror, shifted from their places, so they do not breathe naturally nor beat naturally, because they have shifted from their places. Then he said: differing between victory and despairThis is a difference between victory and despair What is it, by Allah? with the alif for generality. "And the conjectures" is the plural of *zann* (conjecture). A verbal noun is not pluralized unless it refers to different types; if it is a single type, it cannot be pluralized even if it is numerous, but if it is of different types, its pluralization is valid. Here, *zann* is pluralized because it is a verbal noun that varies in meaning. That is, these conjectures revolve in their understanding or in their thoughts, differing in length and breadth: Will these confederates be dispersed? Will they destroy us? Will we be victorious? Do you know the state of fear? What happens to a person in terms of conjectures and near and far thoughts? Some conjectured despair or despaired, saying, "There is nothing after this." Others conjectured victory. How so, when the situation is extremely dire? Because they believe that victory comes with patience, that relief comes with distress, and that with ease there is ease. They say, "We are on the right path. If we are on the right path and we are patient, then victory is guaranteed." Therefore, they conjecture victory. And among them are those who rely on material things and sensory appearances; they conjecture destruction and despair of victory because they have no reserve of faith to rely upon. Undoubtedly, among those who went out for this were hypocrites, as will become clear in the story. The important thing is that Allah said: And He used the indefinite form and the plural to indicate that a person’s imagination regarding this suspicion can go in any direction, with many different and conflicting suspicions. Yes.
The student: ...

The Shaykh : Rather, how? And for this reason, the suppositions came in the plural form.