Discussion of the interpretation of the saying of Allah the Exalted: “And warn them of the Day of Imminence when the hearts are at the throats, suppressed. There is no close friend for the wrongdoers, nor any intercessor who will be obeyed.”
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The reciter: [Surat Ghafir: 22].
The Shaykh : I seek refuge in Allah from Satan, the accursed. Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, said:[Ghafir 40:18] What is the meaning of “warn them”?
The student: The warning is frightening.
The Shaykh : Yes, frightening. And if you wish, say “informing with a warning,” that is, informing them with information accompanied by a warning. Good.
The Shaykh : What is meant by the Day of Imminence?
The student: The Day of Resurrection.
The Shaykh : What is the meaning of “Imminence”?
The student: The coming one.
The Shaykh : No, the near one. Good.
The Shaykh : His saying:[Ghafir 40:18] What are the throats?
The student: A part in the throat, between the face and the chest.
The Shaykh : The neck, do you mean? No.
The Shaykh : Between the collarbones, these are the throats. Good.
The Shaykh : What is the meaning of His saying: How is that? The hearts rise to the throats due to the intensity of fear.
The Shaykh : Did the author (may Allah have mercy on him) speak about?
The student: That it is a state describing the owners of the hearts.
The Shaykh : A state describing the hearts? And where are the owners of the hearts? It is a state describing the hearts in consideration of their owners.
The Shaykh : Why was it necessary to say “in consideration of their owners”?
The student: Because the sound masculine plural is only for the rational, and hearts are not rational, so it was transferred to the owners of the hearts.
The Shaykh : Good, correct. It is not said “the hearts are suppressed,” but rather “the men are suppressed” or something similar. But since the intended meaning of the hearts is their owners, it is correct for the state to come from them. Yes, what is the meaning of “suppressed”? Full of grief. Good.
The Shaykh : What is the meaning of His saying:[Ghafir 40:18]? The word “obeyed”? Does it mean that there are intercessors who are not obeyed, or what is the meaning?
The student: There are two perspectives: either it is a descriptive attribute, meaning there are no intercessors, or that their idols were presented to them but they do not intercede for them, and likewise Jesus, the son of Mary.
The Shaykh : Meaning these idols are not obeyed even if they interceded. Good. And on this basis, the attribute is restricted:[Ghafir 40:18] meaning he intercedes but is not obeyed. Good.
The Shaykh : Why did we resort to this interpretation?
The student: Because two verses were revealed regarding the establishment of intercession and the negation of intercession.
The Shaykh : What is the second verse?
The student: The saying of Allah the Exalted:.
The Shaykh : Yes, and the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Al-Anbya 21:28] and these are not approved by Allah. Good.
(19) He knows that which deceives the eyes and what the breasts conceal. (20) And Allah judges with truth, while those they invoke besides Him judge not with anything. Indeed, Allah - He is the Hearing, the Seeing. (21) Have they not traveled through the land and observed how was the end of those who were before them? They were greater than them in strength and in impression on the land, but Allah seized them for their sins. And they had not from Allah any protector. (22) That was because their messengers were coming to them with clear proofs, but they disbelieved, so Allah seized them. Indeed, He is Powerful and severe in punishment.
يَعْلَمُ خَائِنَةَ الأَعْيُنِ وَمَا تُخْفِي الصُّدُورُ وَاللَّهُ يَقْضِي بِالْحَقِّ وَالَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ لا يَقْضُونَ بِشَيْءٍ إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ أَوَ لَمْ يَسِيرُوا فِي الأَرْضِ فَيَنظُرُوا كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ كَانُوا هُمْ أَشَدَّ مِنْهُمْ قُوَّةً وَآثَارًا فِي الأَرْضِ فَأَخَذَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ وَمَا كَانَ لَهُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ وَاقٍ ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَانَتْ تَأْتِيهِمْ رُسُلُهُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ فَكَفَرُوا فَأَخَذَهُمُ اللَّهُ إِنَّهُ قَوِيٌّ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِThe Shaykh : I seek refuge in Allah from Satan, the accursed. Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, said:
And warn them, [O Muhammad], of the Approaching Day
وأنذرهم يوم الآزفةThe student: The warning is frightening.
The Shaykh : Yes, frightening. And if you wish, say “informing with a warning,” that is, informing them with information accompanied by a warning. Good.
The Shaykh : What is meant by the Day of Imminence?
The student: The Day of Resurrection.
The Shaykh : What is the meaning of “Imminence”?
The student: The coming one.
The Shaykh : No, the near one. Good.
The Shaykh : His saying:
when hearts are at the throats
إذ القلوب لدى الحناجرThe student: A part in the throat, between the face and the chest.
The Shaykh : The neck, do you mean? No.
The Shaykh : Between the collarbones, these are the throats. Good.
The Shaykh : What is the meaning of His saying:
at the throats
لدى الحناجرThe Shaykh : Did the author (may Allah have mercy on him) speak about
suppressed
كاظمينThe student: That it is a state describing the owners of the hearts.
The Shaykh : A state describing the hearts? And where are the owners of the hearts? It is a state describing the hearts in consideration of their owners.
The Shaykh : Why was it necessary to say “in consideration of their owners”?
The student: Because the sound masculine plural is only for the rational, and hearts are not rational, so it was transferred to the owners of the hearts.
The Shaykh : Good, correct. It is not said “the hearts are suppressed,” but rather “the men are suppressed” or something similar. But since the intended meaning of the hearts is their owners, it is correct for the state to come from them. Yes, what is the meaning of “suppressed”? Full of grief. Good.
The Shaykh : What is the meaning of His saying:
no intercessor [who is] obeyed.
ولا شفيع يطاعThe student: There are two perspectives: either it is a descriptive attribute, meaning there are no intercessors, or that their idols were presented to them but they do not intercede for them, and likewise Jesus, the son of Mary.
The Shaykh : Meaning these idols are not obeyed even if they interceded. Good. And on this basis, the attribute is restricted:
no intercessor [who is] obeyed.
ولا شفيع يطاعThe Shaykh : Why did we resort to this interpretation?
The student: Because two verses were revealed regarding the establishment of intercession and the negation of intercession.
The Shaykh : What is the second verse?
The student: The saying of Allah the Exalted:
so we have no intercessors
فلما لنا من شافعينThe Shaykh : Yes,