Commentary on Tafsir al-Jalalayn: (( So they plotted against him )) by throwing him into the fire to destroy him (( So We made them the lowest )) the vanquished, and he came out of the fire safe.

Allah the Exalted said "

And they intended for him a plan

فأرادوا به كيدا

[As-Saffat 37:98]

by throwing him into the fire to destroy him

So We made them the lowest

فجعلناهم الأسفلين

the vanquished, and he came out of the fire safe " They plotted against him. The original meaning of plotting is to bring about the downfall of an opponent without his knowledge. It is the same as, or very close in meaning to, stratagem and deception. All of these revolve around the idea that a person causes an opponent to fall into a trap without the opponent realizing it. This is the original meaning. Allah the Exalted said But it was they who intended to destroy Ibrahim. It is possible that when they built this structure with the fire in the middle, a person seeing it might assume it was a palace and be willing to submit to being thrown in, because if he had known there was fire inside, he would have fled and resisted. This would be the meaning of the plot: that they did not dig a trench as the people of the trench did and put wood in it, but rather they built a structure that anyone seeing it from the outside would think was a dwelling, but in reality, according to their design, it was a raging fire. I say it can be said that this is what is meant by the word "plot," because plotting, as we mentioned, is bringing about the downfall of an opponent without his awareness. But Allah the Exalted made them the lowest by not letting them achieve their goal and by Ibrahim coming out safe. So his superiority over them was in two ways:
The first way is that he was saved from what they intended, which was his destruction.
The second way is that Allah Mighty and Majestic honored him with something that was not customary among humans. What is it? His safety from the fire that they thought would burn him. So they became the lowest in these two ways. The first way, my brother, what is it?
The student: His safety from the fire.
The Shaykh : His safety from the fire that they intended to destroy him with. The second
The student: That Allah honored him with something that was not customary.

The Shaykh : Correct, that Allah honored him with something that was not customary. And this undoubtedly makes him superior over them, indeed superior in the highest degree, because He said and the lowest. This is a superlative form, meaning the one who has reached the extreme of lowness or the lowest point. So We made them the lowest. Here we ask about the grammatical parsing. Khalid,
The student: ...

The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: ...

The Shaykh : and the pronoun?
The student: The first object.

The Shaykh : The first object. And is "made" from the verbs of the heart?
The student: ...

The Shaykh : Is it from the verbs of the heart, or from the verbs of making something become?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Is "made" from the verbs of the heart?
The student: ...

The Shaykh : An example of "made" as a verb of the heart. Hidayat Allah,
The student: If it means ...

The Shaykh : Yes, but we want an example of it.
The student: ...

The Shaykh : No, "made" is not from the verbs of the heart; it is from the verbs of the limbs. They made means they turned into. No, but they believed them to be females. The important point is that His saying is from the verbs of making something become, not from the verbs of the heart. Both, meaning "made" as a verb of the heart and "made" as a verb of making something become, both take two objects.