Discussion of the interpretation of the saying of Allah the Exalted: ((The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Mighty, the Wise)).
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The Shaykh : Well, I seek refuge in Allah from Satan, the accursed. We have previously established that the surah is Meccan. So, what is the criterion for a Meccan surah?
The student: Whatever was revealed after the migration is Medinan.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And whatever was revealed before the migration is Meccan.
The Shaykh : Good, did the author exclude a verse from it?
The student:[Az-Zumar 39:53]
The Shaykh : Yes, and what is the correct view?
The student: The correct view is that there is no evidence for this exception.
The Shaykh : Good, do we have a criterion for this?
The student: That any exception requires evidence.
The Shaykh : So if the surah is Meccan, the default is?
The student: That it is all Meccan.
The Shaykh : That it is all Meccan. Yes. Good. From what has preceded, we have learned that the Qur'an is revealed and not created?
The student: From His saying, the Exalted:[Az-Zumar 39:1].
The Shaykh : Good. If someone said to you: The revealed thing may be created, like His saying, the Exalted:[Qaf 50:9]?
The student: Water, if it is an entity subsisting in itself, is created.
The Shaykh : If the revealed thing is an entity subsisting in itself, it is created. And if it is an attribute?
The student: ... the one described.
The Shaykh : And speech?
The student: An attribute...
The Shaykh : An attribute. Well done. Good. We have previously established that might (al-'izzah) has three categories?
The student: Meaning the dominant one.
The Shaykh : The might of overpowering and the might of...
The student: The might of refraining and the might of strength.
The Shaykh : Strength. Well done. Good. 'Abd al-Qadir! Does al-Hakim mean al-Muhkim (the one who makes decisive) or al-Hakim (the one who judges)?
The student: It can mean al-Muhkim... it can mean al-Hakim.
The Shaykh : It includes both. If it means al-Muhkim, it is derived from what?
The student: Muhkam?
The Shaykh : Yes, that is right.
The student: Meaning...
The Shaykh : What is it derived from? Where is it derived from? If you say: "Zarib" (striker), it is derived from "Zarb" (striking). "Muhkim"?
The student: From Hakim.
The Shaykh : Subhan Allah! Yes.
The student: Ahkama.
The Shaykh : From Ahkama, meaning from Ihamah (making decisive). Good. Derive from Ihamah what is it? 'Abd al-Qadir! What is Ihamah?
The student: ... Ihamah?
The Shaykh : Yes, that is right.
The student: It is one of the names of Allah.
The Shaykh : Subhan Allah! Ihamah is one of the names of Allah? You brought that out of your own pocket. Did you not attend yesterday?
The student: I did not attend.
The Shaykh : ... Oh Shaykh, yes.
The student: Itqan (precision/perfection).
The Shaykh : Ihamah means Itqan. Good. And it returns to the meaning of wisdom, because wisdom is placing a thing in its proper place, and placing a thing in its proper place is Itqan. Good. And if is from?
The student: It means Hakim (the one who judges).
The Shaykh : Meaning Hakim.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Derived from where?
The student: From Hukm (judgment).
The Shaykh : From Hukm. Well done. Meaning, then, Allah has Hukm and Ihamah, meaning He is described with Hukm and Ihamah. Complete. Good. Does anyone share with Allah in judgment?
The student: No one shares with Him in the legal judgment, nor in the cosmic judgment.
The Shaykh : No one shares with Him, neither the legal nor the cosmic?
The student: Possibly...
The Shaykh : Allah the Exalted said:[Al-Ma'idah 5:42]
The student: ... The judgment of Allah, Mighty and Majestic.
The Shaykh : Meaning the absolute judgment.
The student: For Allah, Mighty and Majestic.
The Shaykh : For Allah, Mighty and Majestic. And the restricted one?
The student: For the created.
The Shaykh : It is for the created. Complete.
The student: Whatever was revealed after the migration is Medinan.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And whatever was revealed before the migration is Meccan.
The Shaykh : Good, did the author exclude a verse from it?
The student:
Say, "O My servants who have transgressed against themselves [by sinning], do not
قل يا عبادي الذين أسرفوا على أنفسهم لا تَقْنَطُوا ..The Shaykh : Yes, and what is the correct view?
The student: The correct view is that there is no evidence for this exception.
The Shaykh : Good, do we have a criterion for this?
The student: That any exception requires evidence.
The Shaykh : So if the surah is Meccan, the default is?
The student: That it is all Meccan.
The Shaykh : That it is all Meccan. Yes. Good. From what has preceded, we have learned that the Qur'an is revealed and not created?
The student: From His saying, the Exalted:
The revelation of the Qur'an is from Allah
تنزيل الكتاب من اللهThe Shaykh : Good. If someone said to you: The revealed thing may be created, like His saying, the Exalted:
And We have sent down blessed rain from the sky
ونزَّلْنا من السماء ماء مباركاThe student: Water, if it is an entity subsisting in itself, is created.
The Shaykh : If the revealed thing is an entity subsisting in itself, it is created. And if it is an attribute?
The student: ... the one described.
The Shaykh : And speech?
The student: An attribute...
The Shaykh : An attribute. Well done. Good. We have previously established that might (al-'izzah) has three categories?
The student: Meaning the dominant one.
The Shaykh : The might of overpowering and the might of...
The student: The might of refraining and the might of strength.
The Shaykh : Strength. Well done. Good. 'Abd al-Qadir! Does al-Hakim mean al-Muhkim (the one who makes decisive) or al-Hakim (the one who judges)?
The student: It can mean al-Muhkim... it can mean al-Hakim.
The Shaykh : It includes both. If it means al-Muhkim, it is derived from what?
The student: Muhkam?
The Shaykh : Yes, that is right.
The student: Meaning...
The Shaykh : What is it derived from? Where is it derived from? If you say: "Zarib" (striker), it is derived from "Zarb" (striking). "Muhkim"?
The student: From Hakim.
The Shaykh : Subhan Allah! Yes.
The student: Ahkama.
The Shaykh : From Ahkama, meaning from Ihamah (making decisive). Good. Derive from Ihamah what is it? 'Abd al-Qadir! What is Ihamah?
The student: ... Ihamah?
The Shaykh : Yes, that is right.
The student: It is one of the names of Allah.
The Shaykh : Subhan Allah! Ihamah is one of the names of Allah? You brought that out of your own pocket. Did you not attend yesterday?
The student: I did not attend.
The Shaykh : ... Oh Shaykh, yes.
The student: Itqan (precision/perfection).
The Shaykh : Ihamah means Itqan. Good. And it returns to the meaning of wisdom, because wisdom is placing a thing in its proper place, and placing a thing in its proper place is Itqan. Good. And if
wise
حكيمThe student: It means Hakim (the one who judges).
The Shaykh : Meaning Hakim.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Derived from where?
The student: From Hukm (judgment).
The Shaykh : From Hukm. Well done. Meaning, then, Allah has Hukm and Ihamah, meaning He is described with Hukm and Ihamah. Complete. Good. Does anyone share with Allah in judgment?
The student: No one shares with Him in the legal judgment, nor in the cosmic judgment.
The Shaykh : No one shares with Him, neither the legal nor the cosmic?
The student: Possibly...
The Shaykh : Allah the Exalted said:
And if you judge, judge between them with justice
وإن حكمْتَ فاحْكُم بينهم بالقسطThe student: ... The judgment of Allah, Mighty and Majestic.
The Shaykh : Meaning the absolute judgment.
The student: For Allah, Mighty and Majestic.
The Shaykh : For Allah, Mighty and Majestic. And the restricted one?
The student: For the created.
The Shaykh : It is for the created. Complete.