Continuation of the benefits of the saying of Allah the Exalted: << He who had knowledge of the Book said, "I will bring it to you before your glance returns to you." So when he saw it settled with him, he said, "This
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to test me whether I will be grateful or ungrateful. And whoever is grateful - his gratitude is only for [the benefit of] himself. And whoever is ungrateful - then indeed, my Lord is Free of need and Generous."
لِيَبْلُوَنِي أَأَشْكُرُ أَمْ أَكْفُرُ وَمَنْ شَكَرَ فَإِنَّمَا يَشْكُرُ لِنَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ رَبِّي غَنِيٌّ كَرِيمٌFirst, among the benefits in this verse is speaking of the grace of Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) by attributing the grace to Him, as in His saying:
This is from the favor of my Lord.
هَذَا مِنْ فَضْلِ رَبِّيAnd in this is evidence for affirming the attribution of causes to the cosmic decrees of Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He), just as that has been established for the legislative decrees. From where is this taken? 'Abd al-Rahman.
The student: .....
The Shaykh : No.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes. From where?
The student: From the lam.
The Shaykh : From the lam of causation, and in it is evidence for the attribution of causes to the actions of Allah, the cosmic decrees of Allah, just as His legislative decrees are also attributed to causes. Yes. So in it is a refutation of the Jahmiyyah, who say: The action of Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) is not attributed to a cause; rather, He acts merely by will. If He wills, He acts for a wisdom or without a wisdom.
And in it is evidence for the testing of a person regarding what appears to be the reality of his affair, as in His saying:
to test me whether I will be grateful or ungrateful
لِيَبْلُوَنِي أَأَشْكُرُ أَمْ أَكْفُرُAnd in it is also ... the following benefit: that it is permissible to test him, even if the one testing knows his outcome. And this can be taken, or we can say: that this is specific to what concerns Allah, that you test a person even if you know his outcome.
The student: ....
The Shaykh : Huh?