The rule for the grammatical parsing of "sawa'"?
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The questioner : Shaykh, may Allah reward you, the rule for the parsing of sawa'
The Shaykh : The rule is that it functions as the subject (mubtada')
The questioner : always
The Shaykh : No, it is not always, but like sawa' kitha aw kitha, or sawa' kana kitha aw kitha, it functions as the subject. Many people read it as sawa' if what follows it is kana, and they think it is the predicate of kana placed before it, but that is not the case. It always comes as the subject, because the origin of sawa' in such a construction[Al-Munafiqun 63:6] is originally in the meaning of "two equal things," meaning your seeking forgiveness and its absence are two equal things. Sawa' a kana kitha aw la means "two equal things."
The questioner : The predicate, O Shaykh?
The Shaykh : No, it is the subject, or a predicate placed before, or a predicate placed before, and what follows it is interpreted as a verbal noun.
The questioner : And when it comes in the accusative case
The Shaykh : Yes
The questioner : Accusative
The Shaykh : This comes in the accusative case in the chapter of seeking a ruling, because suwa and sawa' come... and perhaps you would say, for example, "I saw the two men, suwa," but when it comes at the beginning of the sentence, it is in the nominative case. Yes, O Salim.
The Shaykh : The rule is that it functions as the subject (mubtada')
The questioner : always
The Shaykh : No, it is not always, but like sawa' kitha aw kitha, or sawa' kana kitha aw kitha, it functions as the subject. Many people read it as sawa' if what follows it is kana, and they think it is the predicate of kana placed before it, but that is not the case. It always comes as the subject, because the origin of sawa' in such a construction
It is all the same for them whether you ask forgiveness for them or do not ask forgiveness for them
سواء عليهم استغفرت لهم أم لم تستغفر لهمThe questioner : The predicate, O Shaykh?
The Shaykh : No, it is the subject, or a predicate placed before, or a predicate placed before, and what follows it is interpreted as a verbal noun.
The questioner : And when it comes in the accusative case
The Shaykh : Yes
The questioner : Accusative
The Shaykh : This comes in the accusative case in the chapter of seeking a ruling, because suwa and sawa' come... and perhaps you would say, for example, "I saw the two men, suwa," but when it comes at the beginning of the sentence, it is in the nominative case. Yes, O Salim.