Parsing Some Sentences
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The Shaykh : We will take the parsing of "if we had not started," meaning in terms of parsing, but it is fine. Some of you know how to parse. Who knows how to parse? Yes, the man stood up.
The student: "Qama" is a past tense verb.
The Shaykh : "Qama" is a past tense verb. Is it built (mabni) or inflected (mu'rab)? All past tense verbs are built. "Qama" is a past tense verb. Is it built or inflected?
The student: Built.
The Shaykh : Built on what?
The student: On the accusative case.
The Shaykh : On the fathah. Okay, why do you say accusative? Because the accusative is specific to inflected words. Write down its four categories: nominative and accusative for inflected words. The fathah. The man (al-rajulu). Yes.
The student: The doer (fa'il) in the nominative case.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Nominative by the dammah.
The Shaykh : By the dammah. The man. Okay, who will parse next? Come on, ... "Qama al-rajala."
The student: "Qama al-rajala."
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "Qama" is a past tense verb built on the fathah.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "Al-rajala" ...
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "Al-rajulu" or "al-rajala."
The Shaykh : I said "Qama al-rajala." What do you say?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Okay, yes.
The student: "Al-rajul" is the doer (fa'il) in the nominative case by the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Good, well done. Okay, what do we have here in terms of parsing? In terms of parsing?
The student: We have a verb and a noun. The verb is "Qama."
The Shaykh : No, it is a built verb. Every past tense verb is built.
The student: Yes, what we learned is that "al-rajul" is a noun.
The Shaykh : "Al-rajul" is a noun. What does it have in terms of parsing here in this example? The nominative case. Well done. Okay.
Come on, Bukhari. "I passed by a man." Suppose I said "I passed" without "by a man."
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : If I said "by a man" with a tanwin, is that correct? No, I am not going to leave the tanwin. "I passed by a man" with tanwin. I want to keep it, or should the tanwin be deleted? It is not correct.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Why is the genitive case obligatory?
The student: Because a preposition entered it.
The Shaykh : Well done. Because a preposition entered it. And we mentioned regarding prepositions that when they enter a word, it is a noun and must be in the genitive case. Okay.
The student: "Qama" is a past tense verb.
The Shaykh : "Qama" is a past tense verb. Is it built (mabni) or inflected (mu'rab)? All past tense verbs are built. "Qama" is a past tense verb. Is it built or inflected?
The student: Built.
The Shaykh : Built on what?
The student: On the accusative case.
The Shaykh : On the fathah. Okay, why do you say accusative? Because the accusative is specific to inflected words. Write down its four categories: nominative and accusative for inflected words. The fathah. The man (al-rajulu). Yes.
The student: The doer (fa'il) in the nominative case.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Nominative by the dammah.
The Shaykh : By the dammah. The man. Okay, who will parse next? Come on, ... "Qama al-rajala."
The student: "Qama al-rajala."
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "Qama" is a past tense verb built on the fathah.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "Al-rajala" ...
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "Al-rajulu" or "al-rajala."
The Shaykh : I said "Qama al-rajala." What do you say?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Okay, yes.
The student: "Al-rajul" is the doer (fa'il) in the nominative case by the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Good, well done. Okay, what do we have here in terms of parsing? In terms of parsing?
The student: We have a verb and a noun. The verb is "Qama."
The Shaykh : No, it is a built verb. Every past tense verb is built.
The student: Yes, what we learned is that "al-rajul" is a noun.
The Shaykh : "Al-rajul" is a noun. What does it have in terms of parsing here in this example? The nominative case. Well done. Okay.
Come on, Bukhari. "I passed by a man." Suppose I said "I passed" without "by a man."
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : If I said "by a man" with a tanwin, is that correct? No, I am not going to leave the tanwin. "I passed by a man" with tanwin. I want to keep it, or should the tanwin be deleted? It is not correct.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Why is the genitive case obligatory?
The student: Because a preposition entered it.
The Shaykh : Well done. Because a preposition entered it. And we mentioned regarding prepositions that when they enter a word, it is a noun and must be in the genitive case. Okay.