And prayers and peace be upon the noblest of the prophets and messengers, our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions. As for what follows:
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The reader: And blessings and peace be upon the noblest of the prophets and messengers, our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions
As for what follows:
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (may Allah have mercy on him) said in the book Iqtida' al-Sirat al-Mustaqim "And Muslim narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Sahih Muslim 1134b meaning the day of Ashura. And the meaning of Ibn Abbas's statement: 'Fast the ninth,' means: and the tenth. This is what was established from him, and he attributed it to differing from the Jews. Sa'id ibn Mansur said: Sufyan narrated to us from Amr ibn Dinar that he heard Ata' hear Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) say: 'Fast the ninth and the tenth, differ from the Jews.' And we narrated in the Fawa'id of Dawud ibn Amr from Isma'il ibn Ulayya who said: It was mentioned to Ibn Abi Najih that Ibn Abbas used to say: 'The day of Ashura is the ninth day.' So Ibn Abi Najih said: Ibn Abbas only said: 'I dislike to fast a single day, but fast a day before it or a day after it.' And this is confirmed by what al-Tirmidhi narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) who said: Muharram. Al-Tirmidhi said: 'This is a hasan sahih hadith.'
And Sa'id narrated in his Sunan from Hisham, from Ibn Abi Layla, from Dawud ibn Ali, from his father, from his grandfather Ibn Abbas that he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: And Ahmad narrated it, and his wording is: 'Fast a day before it, or a day after it.' For this reason, Ahmad explicitly stated what he narrated "
The Shaykh : I have with me: a day before it and a day after it
The reader: He said: I have with me: with a ba and a day, and the correct is: or.
The Shaykh : Yes, and it is so, but in al-Muntaqa it is: a day before it and a day after it. Rather, what is in the Musnad and also in al-Talkhis is that he said: 'Fast a day before it, or a day after it.' And there is no doubt that differing is achieved if one fasts a day before it or a day after it. Yes.
The reader: "For this reason, Ahmad explicitly stated what Ibn Abbas narrated and issued a fatwa based on it, saying in the narration of al-Athram: 'I hold the view regarding Ashura that the ninth and the tenth should be fasted; because of the hadith of Ibn Abbas: And Harb said: I asked Ahmad about fasting the day of Ashura, and he said: 'Fast the ninth and the tenth.' And he said in the narration of al-Maimuni and Abu al-Harith: 'Whoever wants to fast Ashura should fast the ninth and the tenth, unless the months are unclear, in which case he should fast three days; Ibn Sirin says that.'"
The Shaykh : So he fasts, that is better
The reader: "Unless the months are unclear, in which case he should fast three days; Ibn Sirin says that"
The Shaykh : Meaning, and he (may Allah have mercy on him) approved it, and this is good. So now: the apparent meaning of the hadith and the apparent meaning of these athar is that it is disliked to restrict oneself to fasting only the tenth day. And the statement of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) when he was asked about fasting Ashura, he said:Sunan Ibn Majah 1738Sahih (Darussalam) does not contradict this, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about fasting this day, then he was ordered to differ from the Jews in it, and his order to differ from the Jews in it was in the last of his life. For this reason he said: Sahih Muslim 1134b And this implies that it is disliked for a person to restrict himself to fasting the tenth day. And Imam Ahmad (may Allah have mercy on him) transmitted from Ibn Sirin and approved it that one must fast a day before it and a day after it, and if the months are unclear, he fasts three days.
In our month, how, when do we fast, which day? Thursday, Friday, and Saturday, due to the possibility that it entered before. Yes, before the completion of the thirty days of Dhul Hijjah. But if a person wants to say: I have no concern with the doubt we have. We have a hadith from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that if the crescent is not seen on the night of the thirtieth, then the month is completed, and at that time there is no doubt.
But perhaps Imam Ahmad (may Allah have mercy on him) intended by the uncertainty what may sometimes occur in the stations of the moon, in the stations of the moon, meaning that if a person sees it on the night of the second, which is the night of the thirty-second, it appears to him that it is the night of the third, based on the height of the moon and the largeness of its size. But this has no consideration for us, and praise be to Allah. A fundamental rule established by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is that if the crescent is not seen on the night of the thirtieth, then the month before it is completed, and there is no doubt. And the stations of the moon have no consideration. Yes.
As for what follows:
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (may Allah have mercy on him) said in the book Iqtida' al-Sirat al-Mustaqim "And Muslim narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
If I live till the next (year), I would definitely observe fast on the 9th
لئن بقيت إلى قابل لأصومن التاسعThe Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the fasting of the day of Ashura, the tenth of
أمر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بصوم يوم عاشوراء العاشر منAnd Sa'id narrated in his Sunan from Hisham, from Ibn Abi Layla, from Dawud ibn Ali, from his father, from his grandfather Ibn Abbas that he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
Fast the day of Ashura, and differ from the Jews in it, fast a day before it or a day after it
صوموا يوم عاشوراء وخالفوا فيه اليهود صوموا يوما قبله أو يوما بعدهThe Shaykh : I have with me: a day before it and a day after it
The reader: He said: I have with me: with a ba and a day, and the correct is: or.
The Shaykh : Yes, and it is so, but in al-Muntaqa it is: a day before it and a day after it. Rather, what is in the Musnad and also in al-Talkhis is that he said: 'Fast a day before it, or a day after it.' And there is no doubt that differing is achieved if one fasts a day before it or a day after it. Yes.
The reader: "For this reason, Ahmad explicitly stated what Ibn Abbas narrated and issued a fatwa based on it, saying in the narration of al-Athram: 'I hold the view regarding Ashura that the ninth and the tenth should be fasted; because of the hadith of Ibn Abbas:
Fast the ninth and the tenth
صوموا التاسع والعاشرThe Shaykh : So he fasts, that is better
The reader: "Unless the months are unclear, in which case he should fast three days; Ibn Sirin says that"
The Shaykh : Meaning, and he (may Allah have mercy on him) approved it, and this is good. So now: the apparent meaning of the hadith and the apparent meaning of these athar is that it is disliked to restrict oneself to fasting only the tenth day. And the statement of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) when he was asked about fasting Ashura, he said:
will expiate for the sins of the previous year
يكفر السنة التي قبلهIf I live till the next (year), I would definitely observe fast on the 9th
لئن عشت إلى قابل لأصومن التاسعIn our month, how, when do we fast, which day? Thursday, Friday, and Saturday, due to the possibility that it entered before. Yes, before the completion of the thirty days of Dhul Hijjah. But if a person wants to say: I have no concern with the doubt we have. We have a hadith from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that if the crescent is not seen on the night of the thirtieth, then the month is completed, and at that time there is no doubt.
But perhaps Imam Ahmad (may Allah have mercy on him) intended by the uncertainty what may sometimes occur in the stations of the moon, in the stations of the moon, meaning that if a person sees it on the night of the second, which is the night of the thirty-second, it appears to him that it is the night of the third, based on the height of the moon and the largeness of its size. But this has no consideration for us, and praise be to Allah. A fundamental rule established by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is that if the crescent is not seen on the night of the thirtieth, then the month before it is completed, and there is no doubt. And the stations of the moon have no consideration. Yes.