Explanation of the Book: The Beginning of Revelation, Faith, and Knowledge-03b
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The reader: Sulayman ibn Harb narrated to us, saying: Shu'bah narrated to us from Wasil al-Ahdab from al-Ma'rur ibn Suwayd, who said: .
The Shaykh : The translation is clear. Sins are a matter of the pre-Islamic age of ignorance, and one does not become a disbeliever by committing them except through associating partners with Allah. It is permissible: "and he does not become a disbeliever", because the meaning is the same.
The reader: We have: "and he does not become a disbeliever".
The Shaykh : I said: It is permissible. Did I say I am forbidden?
Now, these sins are a matter of the pre-Islamic age of ignorance, and that is because everyone who disobeys Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) is ignorant of what He deserves in terms of glorification. For this reason, Allah the Exalted said:[An-Nisa 4:17] And what is meant by His saying: is not that it is out of ignorance, because if one commits evil out of ignorance, he bears no sin. But what is meant by ignorance is foolishness, and failing to appreciate Allah (Mighty and Majestic) and glorify Him. So every sin is a matter of the pre-Islamic age of ignorance, but its perpetrator does not become a disbeliever, because declaring someone a disbeliever has known rules.
Then he mentioned the hadith of Abu Dharr, in which is the good obedience of the Companions to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family). Abu Dharr insulted this man, and it appears that he was his slave, so he insulted him by mentioning his mother. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him:Sahih Muslim 1661c And he mentioned the rest of the hadith.
And in it is that it is recommended for a person, if his brother is under his hand, whether a servant, a slave, or something similar, that he should feed him from what he eats and clothe him from what he wears, and not burden him with what he cannot bear, meaning what he is unable to handle. If he does burden him, let him help him. This is among the noble characteristics of Islam, where the Prophet (may the prayer and peace of Allah be upon him) commanded the consideration of these servants, whether they are slaves or hired workers. Yes.
I met Abu Dharr at al-Rabizah, and he was wearing a silk garment, and his slave was wearing a silk garment. So I asked him about that, and he said: I quarreled with a man and insulted him by mentioning his mother. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: O Abu Dharr, did you insult him by mentioning his mother? You are a man in whom there is some of the ignorance of the pre-Islamic age. Your brothers are your slaves, and Allah has placed them under your hands. So whoever has his brother under his hand, let him feed him from what he eats and clothe him from what he wears. And do not burden them with what they cannot bear. If you do burden them, then help them.
لقيت أبا ذر بالربذة وعليه حلة وعلى غلامه حلة فسألته عن ذلك فقال : إني ساببت رجلًا فعيرته بأمه فقال لي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم : يا أبا ذر أعيرته بأمه ، إنك امرؤ فيك جاهلية ، إخوانكم خولكم جعلهم الله تحت أيديكم ، فمن كان أخوه تحت يده فليطعمه مما يأكل وليلبسه مما يلبس ، ولا تكلفوهم ما يغلبهم ، فإن كلفتموهم فأعينوهمThe Shaykh : The translation is clear. Sins are a matter of the pre-Islamic age of ignorance, and one does not become a disbeliever by committing them except through associating partners with Allah. It is permissible: "and he does not become a disbeliever", because the meaning is the same.
The reader: We have: "and he does not become a disbeliever".
The Shaykh : I said: It is permissible. Did I say I am forbidden?
Now, these sins are a matter of the pre-Islamic age of ignorance, and that is because everyone who disobeys Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) is ignorant of what He deserves in terms of glorification. For this reason, Allah the Exalted said:
The repentance accepted by Allah is only for those who do wrong in ignorance [or carelessness] and then repent soon after
إنما التوبة على الله للذين يعملون السوء بجهالة ثم يتوبون من قريبout of ignorance
بجهالةThen he mentioned the hadith of Abu Dharr, in which is the good obedience of the Companions to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family). Abu Dharr insulted this man, and it appears that he was his slave, so he insulted him by mentioning his mother. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him:
You are a person who has (remnants of) Ignorance in him
إنك امرؤ فيك جاهليةAnd in it is that it is recommended for a person, if his brother is under his hand, whether a servant, a slave, or something similar, that he should feed him from what he eats and clothe him from what he wears, and not burden him with what he cannot bear, meaning what he is unable to handle. If he does burden him, let him help him. This is among the noble characteristics of Islam, where the Prophet (may the prayer and peace of Allah be upon him) commanded the consideration of these servants, whether they are slaves or hired workers. Yes.